module15REVIEW

In this module, we learned that genetic variation helps to determine the traits that individuals express. We also learned that artificial selection, natural selection, and random processes can all cause the evolution of populations. In the next module, we will examine how these evolutionary processes can cause the evolution of new species, which increases biodiversity, and how environmental change that is too rapid for selection can result in extinctions that cause declines in biodiversity.

Module 15 AP® Review Questions

Question 1

1. Which evolutionary effect results in reduced genetic variation in a community?

  1. Natural selection

  2. The founder effect

  3. Artificial selection

  4. Gene flow

  5. Mutation

Question 2

2. A phenotype is

  1. an adaptation that creates a new species.

  2. the genes of a particular individual.

  3. a result of genetic recombination.

  4. the set of traits expressed in an individual.

  5. a genetic mutation passed from parent to offspring.

Question 3

3. Which of the following processes create genetic diversity in a population?

  1. Mutation

  2. Allele division

  3. Recombination

  1. I only

  2. I and II only

  3. I and III only

  4. II and III only

  5. I, II, and III

Question 4

4. Evolved resistance to a pesticide is an example of

  1. a nonadaptive process.

  2. the bottleneck effect.

  3. natural selection.

  4. artificial selection.

  5. range of tolerance.

Question 5

5. Which is the best definition of an adaptation?

  1. A mutation that creates a new species

  2. A trait that improves an individual’s fitness

  3. A trait that is passed on to the next generation

  4. A trait that has no effect on an individual’s fitness

  5. A trait created by natural selection

Question 6

6. The change in the genetic composition of a population over time due to random mating is called

  1. the bottleneck effect.

  2. gene flow.

  3. genetic drift.

  4. mutation.

  5. phenotype adaption.

Question 7

7. In a particular zoo the population of spider monkeys has a higher proportion of individuals with light golden brown fur than spider monkeys in the wild. If the monkeys were recently captured from the wild and if fur color is largely determined by genetics, what evolutionary process is at work?

  1. The founder effect

  2. The bottleneck effect

  3. Microevolution

  4. Artificial selection

  5. Genetic drift