Figure 14.30
Earthquake damage. (A) L-wave shearing caused this freeway overpass to collapse in Kobe, Japan, in 1995 during a magnitude 6.9 earthquake. (B) Intense R-wave shaking lasted 3 minutes in February 2010 during the 8.8 magnitude earthquake near Santiago, Chile. This overpass structure failed, overturning these cars.(A. © JIJI PRESS /AFP/Getty Images; B. © AP Photo/David Lillo)