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Figure 4.9 Indifference Curves for Perfect Substitutes
Two goods that are perfect substitutes have indifference curves that are straight lines. In this case, the consumer is willing to trade one 12-ounce bag of tortilla chips for four 3-ounce bags of tortilla chips no matter how many of each she currently has, and the consumer’s preference for chips does not change along the indifference curve. The MRS is constant in this case.