Study Guide
95
Identify the correct term for each of the following definitions. Click the Show Answer button below each question to see the answer.
1.
A chemical messenger that is produced by an endocrine gland and carried by the bloodstream to target sites throughout the body.
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hormone
2.
The part of the brain involved in the coordination of our movements, sense of balance, and motor learning.
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cerebellum
3.
An insulating layer of a white fatty substance on an axon that allows for faster neural impulses.
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myelin sheath
4.
A visual display that shows the activity of various areas in the brain by detecting the level of positron emission arising from radioactive glucose being metabolized in each area.
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positron emission tomography (PET) scan
5.
A naturally occurring chemical within the nervous system that specializes in transmitting information between neurons.
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neurotransmitter
6.
The areas in the cerebral cortex not devoted to primary sensory processing or motor processing.
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association cortex
7.
A drug or poison that decreases the activity of one or more neurotransmitters.
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antagonist
8.
The part of the peripheral nervous system that carries sensory input from receptors to the CNS and relays commands from the CNS to skeletal muscles to control their movement.
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somatic (skeletal) nervous system
9.
The bridge of neurons that connects the two cerebral hemispheres.
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corpus callosum
10.
The major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the nervous system.
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GABA (gamma-
11.
Cells in the nervous system that comprise the support system for the neurons.
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glial cells (glia)
12.
Drugs that achieve their agonistic effect on serotonin by selectively blocking its reuptake.
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selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
13.
A group of neurotransmitters that are involved in pain relief and feelings of pleasure.
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endorphins
14.
A brain stem structure involved in many essential body functions, such as heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, digestion, and swallowing.
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medulla
15.
The area in each cerebral hemisphere in back of the central fissure and above the lateral fissure. The somatosensory cortex is in this lobe.
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parietal lobe