1.

In human conception, another name for the fertilized egg is ______.

b; zygote

2.

At about 6 or 7 months of age, an infant starts rhythmically repeating various syllables. This is called ______.

d; babbling

3.

According to Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, children are in the ______ stage if they have symbolic ability but lack conservation.

b; preoperational

4.

According to Piaget, ______ is the interpretation of new experiences in terms of present schemas, and _____ is the modification of present schemas to fit with new experiences.

a; assimilation; accommodation

5.

Vygotsky’s term for the difference between what a child can actually do and what the child can do with the help of others is ______.

a; zone of proximal development

6.

In a ______ study, people of different ages are studied at one point in time and compared with one another.

a; cross-sectional

7.

According to Kohlberg, a person who complies with rules and laws to avoid punishment is in the ______ level of moral development.

a; preconventional

8.

According to Ainsworth, a child who shows little distress when the mother leaves in the Strange Situation procedure and neglects her when she returns has developed a(n) ______ attachment.

d; insecure-avoidant

9.

Which of the following parenting styles is most positively related to academic success, happiness, independence, and self-confidence?

a; authoritative

10.

According to Erikson’s psychosocial theory, ______ is the issue that a person faces during adolescence.

c; identity versus role confusion

11.

During the ______ stage of prenatal development (the final stage starting about two months after conception), the body structures and organs complete their growth.

b; fetal

12.

A decrease in the physiological responding to a stimulus once it becomes familiar is called ______.

c; habituation

13.

Johnny, who is only 4 years old, stands in front of you blocking your view of the television screen, and he does not realize that he is doing so. He thinks that his view is the same as yours. Johnny is displaying ______ and is in Piaget’s ______ stage of cognitive development.

b; egocentrism; preoperational

14.

Michelle, who is 18 months old, has a pet dog named Sam. After she learns the name of her dog, she calls all of the dogs she sees Sam. Michelle is demonstrating ______.

d; overextension

15.

Studies of intelligence in adulthood reveal that fluid intelligence abilities ______ with age, and crystallized intelligence abilities ______ with age.

c; decrease; increase