Chapter 9 Practice Test Questions

Study Guide

The following are practice multiple-choice test questions on some of the chapter content. Click the Show Answer button below each question to see the answer. If you guessed on a question or incorrectly answered a question, restudy the relevant section of the chapter.

Question 9.23

1.

The conformity demonstrated in Sherif’s study using the autokinetic effect stems from ____.

  1. actor-observer bias

  2. self-serving bias

  3. informational social influence

  4. normative social influence

c; informational social influence

Question 9.24

2.

Which of the following factors increases conformity?

  1. group is not unanimous

  2. responding secretly

  3. correct action is not clear

  4. being of higher status than other group members

c; correct action is not clear

Question 9.25

3.

Which of the following compliance techniques involves gaining compliance to a much larger request by preceding it with a much smaller request?

  1. that’s-not-all technique

  2. door-in-the-face technique

  3. low-ball technique

  4. foot-in-the-door technique

d; foot-in-the-door technique

Question 9.26

4.

Which of the following situational factors in Milgram’s shock experiments led to the highest maximum obedience rate?

  1. experiment conducted in a rundown office building

  2. two co-teachers disobey experimenter

  3. experimenter not present

  4. teacher has to force learner’s hand onto shock plate

a; experiment conducted in a rundown office building

Question 9.27

5.

____ is the strengthening of a group’s prevailing opinion on a topic following group discussion of the topic.

  1. Deindividuation

  2. Group polarization

  3. Groupthink

  4. Social facilitation

b; Group polarization

Question 9.28

6.

Facilitation of a dominant response on a task due to social arousal is called ____.

  1. deindividuation

  2. social facilitation

  3. social loafing

  4. the bystander effect

b; social facilitation

Question 9.29

7.

When committing the fundamental attribution error, we tend to ____ the influence of dispositional factors and ____ the influence of situational factors.

  1. overestimate; overestimate

  2. overestimate; underestimate

  3. underestimate; overestimate

  4. underestimate; underestimate

b; overestimate; underestimate

424

Question 9.30

8.

With the self-serving bias, we tend to make ____ attributions for our failures and ____ attributions for our successes.

  1. dispositional; dispositional

  2. dispositional; situational

  3. situational; dispositional

  4. situational; situational

c; situational; dispositional

Question 9.31

9.

Bill likes country music; therefore, he thinks that most people like country music. Bill’s behavior is an example of the ____.

  1. fundamental attribution error

  2. actor-observer bias

  3. false consensus effect

  4. false uniqueness effect

c; false consensus effect

Question 9.32

10.

Two groups of children are told to not play with a very attractive toy in a playroom. One group is threatened very severely, while the other group is only threatened mildly. Neither group played with the toy. According to cognitive dissonance theory, which group(s) should later still rate the toy as very attractive?

  1. severe threat group

  2. mild threat group

  3. neither group

  4. both groups

a; severe threat group

Question 9.33

11.

Which two compliance techniques involve the rule of reciprocity?

  1. foot-in-the-door and door-in-the-face

  2. low-ball and that’s-not-all

  3. foot-in-the-door and low-ball

  4. door-in-the-face and that’s-not-all

d; door-in-the-face and that’s-not-all

Question 9.34

12.

Conformity is higher for a person when the group ____ the person’s responses and when the person is of ____ status than the other group members.

  1. hears; lesser

  2. does not hear; lesser

  3. hears; higher

  4. does not hear; higher

a; hears; lesser

Question 9.35

13.

The bystander effect refers to the finding that an observer of an emergency is less likely to help if the ____.

  1. emergency takes place in a big city

  2. emergency is being observed by other people

  3. observer has just endured a frustrating experience

  4. observer has been exposed to many similar emergencies in the past

b; emergency is being observed by other people

Question 9.36

14.

Which of the following comments is most likely to be made by the leader of a group characterized by groupthink?

  1. “We have been united on matters in the past, and I hope that will continue.”

  2. “We will need some outside experts to critique our decisions.”

  3. “It’s important for each of us individually to think critically about this issue.”

  4. “We should probably divide into subgroups and arrive at independent decisions.”

a; “We have been united on matters in the past, and I hope that will continue.”

Question 9.37

15.

When our expectations of a person elicit behavior from that person that confirms our expectations, this is a case of ____.

  1. self-serving bias

  2. actor-observer bias

  3. deindividuation

  4. self-fulfilling prophecy

d; self-fulfilling prophecy