Document 15.1 Granville Stuart, Gold Rush Days, 1925

Granville Stuart | Gold Rush Days, 1925

When the gold rush began in the West, Granville Stuart and his brother were among those who flooded into Montana in 1863 and struck it rich. News of their discovery set off a stampede of prospectors seeking their fortune. A second Virginia City sprang up in Montana to house the miners and the assortment of business people who served them. Gold dust, valued at $18 an ounce, became the medium of exchange. Stuart published his journals and reminiscences from his gold rush days sixty-two years later in 1925.

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About the middle of January, 1864, a regular stampede craze struck Virginia City. The weather had been quite cold and work in the mines was temporarily suspended. A large number of idle men were about town and it required no more than one man with an imaginative mind to start half the population off on a wild goose chase. Somebody would say that somebody said, that somebody had found a good thing and without further inquiry a hundred or more men would start out for the reported diggings. . . .

Late in the evening on January 22, a rumor started that a big discovery had been made on Wisconsin creek, a distance of thirty miles from Virginia City. The report said that as much as one hundred dollars to the pan had been found; and away the people flew all anxious to be first on the ground, where they could “just shovel up gold.” Virginia City was almost deserted: men did not stop for horses, blankets, or provisions, the sole aim was to get there first and begin to shovel it out at the rate of one hundred to the pan. Fortunately the distance was not great and the weather was mild. Robert Dempsey had a ranch nearby and the stampeders got a supply of beef from him to last them back to town. It is needless to say that they found no diggings and all returned to Virginia [City] in a few days.

Source: Granville Stuart, Forty Years on the Frontier as Seen in the Journals and Reminiscences of Granville Stuart, Gold-Miner, Trader, Merchant, Rancher, and Politician, ed. Paul C. Phillips (Cleveland: Arthur H. Clark, 1925), 1:270–71.

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