Table : TABLE 14.5
Depressive Disorders and Bipolar Disorders
Major Depressive Disorder
• Loss of interest or pleasure in almost all activities
• Despondent mood; feelings of emptiness, worthlessness, or excessive guilt
• Preoccupation with death or suicidal thoughts
• Difficulty sleeping or excessive sleeping
• Diminished ability to think, concentrate, or make decisions
• Diminished appetite and significant weight loss
Persistent Depressive Disorder
• Chronic depressed feelings that are often less severe than those that accompany major depressive disorder
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
• Recurring episodes of depression that follow a seasonal pattern, typically occurring in the fall and winter months and subsiding in the spring and summer months
Bipolar Disorder
• One or more manic episodes characterized by euphoria, high energy, grandiose ideas, flight of ideas, inappropriate self-confidence, and decreased need for sleep
• Usually one or more major depressive episodes
• In some cases, may rapidly alternate between symptoms of mania and major depressive disorder
Cyclothymic Disorder
• Moderate, recurring mood swings that are not severe enough to qualify as major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder