COMPARATIVE QUESTIONS

1. How do Ménétra’s and Frederick II’s attitudes toward organized religion overlap? What does this suggest about Ménétra as an exception to the rule that the lower classes had little contact with Enlightenment ideas?

   Question

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   How do Ménétra’s and Frederick II’s attitudes toward organized religion overlap? What does this suggest about Ménétra as an exception to the rule that the lower classes had little contact with Enlightenment ideas?
2. What similarities and differences do you see between Frederick II’s and Beccaria’s views on the basis of good government?

   Question

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   What similarities and differences do you see between Frederick II’s and Beccaria’s views on the basis of good government?
3. In what ways do the documents by Rousseau, Beccaria, Smith, and Frederick II reflect Enlightenment thinkers’ intense interest in the relationship between the individual and secular society?

   Question

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   In what ways do the documents by Rousseau, Beccaria, Smith, and Frederick II reflect Enlightenment thinkers’ intense interest in the relationship between the individual and secular society?
4. Among the hallmarks of Enlightenment writers was their optimism about human nature and its capacity to change for the better. Do you see evidence of such optimism in the works excerpted in this chapter? Why or why not?

   Question

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   Among the hallmarks of Enlightenment writers was their optimism about human nature and its capacity to change for the better. Do you see evidence of such optimism in the works excerpted in this chapter? Why or why not?