| 910 | Founding of Cluny |
| 1049–1054 | Papacy of Leo IX |
| 1054 | Schism between eastern and western churches begins |
| 1066 | Battle of Hastings: Norman conquest of England under William I |
| 1071 | Battle between Byzantines and Seljuk Turks at Manzikert |
| 1073–1085 | Papacy of Gregory VII |
| 1077 | Henry IV does penance before Gregory VII at Canossa; war breaks out |
| 1086 | Domesday survey |
| 1095 | Council of Clermont; Pope Urban II calls First Crusade |
| 1096–1099 | First Crusade |
| 1097 | Establishment of commune at Milan |
| 1108–1137 | Reign of Louis VI |
| 1109 | Establishment of the crusader states |
| 1122 | Concordat of Worms ends Investiture Conflict |
| c. 1140 | Gratian's Decretum published |
| 1147–1149 | Second Crusade |