Genomic imprinting requires insulators
Genomic imprinting in the mouse. The imprinting control region (ICR) is unmethylated in female gametes and can bind a CTCF dimer, forming an insulator that blocks enhancer activation of Igf2. Methylation (M) of the ICR in male germ cells prevents CTCF binding, but it also prevents the binding of other proteins to the H19 promoter.