EDA2R (ectodysplasin A2 receptor)

Male pattern baldness

Europeans

EDAR (ectodysplasin A receptor)

Hair morphology

East Asians

FY^null (Duffy antigen)

Resistance to malaria

Africans

G6PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase)

Resistance to malaria

Africans

Hb (hemoglobin B)

Resistance to malaria

Africans

KITLG (KIT ligand)

Skin pigmentation

East Asians and Europeans

LARGE (glycosyltransferase)

Resistance to Lassa fever

Africans

LCT (lactase)

Lactase persistence; ability to digest milk sugar as an adult

Africans, Europeans

LPR (leptin receptor)

Processing of dietary fats

East Asians

MC1R (melanocortin receptor)

Hair and skin pigmentation

East Asians

MHC (major histocompatibility complex)

Infectious disease resistance

Multiple populations

OCA2 (oculocutaneous albinism)

Skin pigmentation and eye color

Europeans

PPARD (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta)

Processing of dietary fats

Europeans

SI (sucrase-isomaltase)

Sucrose metabolism

East Asians

SLC24A5 (solute carrier family 24)

Skin pigmentation

Europeans and West Asians

TYRP1 (tyrosinase-related protein 1)

Skin pigmentation

Europeans

Source: P. C. Sabeti et al., Science 312, 2006, 1614-1620; P. C. Sabeti et al., Nature 449, 2007, 913-919; B. F. Voight et al., PLoS Biology 4, 2006, 446-458; J. K. Pickrell et al., Genome Research 19, 2009, 826-837.