FIGURE 14-22 Consequences of Enrichment Cortical changes that occur in response to experience are found not only in neurons but also in astrocytes and vasculature.

Data from A. Turner & W. T. Greenough (1985). Differential rearing effects on rat visual cortex synapses. I. Synaptic and neuronal density and synapses per neuron. Brain Research, 329, pp. 195–203 No ref.3; A. M. Sirevaag & W. T. Greenough (1987). Differential rearing effects on rat visual cortex synapses. III. Neuronal and glial nuclei. Brain Research, 424, pp. 320–332; and B. Kolb, R. Gibb, & G. Gorny (2003). Experience-dependent changes in dendritic arbor and spine density in neocortex vary with age and sex Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 79, pp. 1–10.