Step 4: Put It All Together

Now, take a step back and try to explain the big picture. Remember to use specific examples from the chapter in your answers.

Click here to download the exercise for Step 4 in MS Word.

THE NEW IMPERIALISM

  • How did Western pressure shape African development before 1880? How about after 1880?
  • How did Westerners justify imperialism? How did Western critics of imperialism challenge such justifications?
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MODERNIZATION AND REFORM IN THE ISLAMIC HEARTLAND

  • How did Ottoman and Egyptian leaders use Western ideas and culture to resist Western domination?
  • Should the modernization efforts of the Ottomans and Egyptian be deemed “failures”? Why or why not?
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GLOBALIZATION, INDUSTRIALIZATION, AND MIGRATION

  • Who benefitted the most from the economic growth and globalization of the nineteenth century? Why?
  • Compare and contrast European and Asian migration during the nineteenth century. What important differences do you note? What common factors help explain the movements of both groups of migrants?
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LOOKING BACK, LOOKING AHEAD

  • What place did Europe have in the world economy in 1750? What about 1900? How would you explain the differences you note?
  • What connections might one make between nineteenth-century European imperialism and the disastrous wars that befell Europe if the first half of the twentieth century?
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