What were the causes and consequences of the vast movement of people in the Pacific region?

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The “Life of Emigration” Puzzle, ca. 1840Some of the advertising designed to attract people to move to Australia was aimed at children, such as this wooden puzzle depicting the life of a family moving from Britain to Australia. (Photograph courtesy of the State Library of South Australia, S.A. Memory website)

TTHE NINETEENTH CENTURY WAS MARKED by extensive movement of people into, across, and out of Asia and the broad Pacific region. Many of these migrants moved from one Asian country to another, but there was also a growing presence of Europeans in Asia, a consequence of the increasing integration of the world economy (see “The Rise of Global Inequality” in Chapter 25).