Review the visual summaries and answer the essay questions below.
Make sure to enter a brief response that completely answers each question and explains your reasoning. When you click "Submit," you will be provided instant feedback, allowing you to check if your response is correct.
(This activity contains 12 total essay questions. Each new question will be revealed once you complete the preceding question.)
1. Describe the three general ways in which the immune system combats pathogens.
2. What is the function of lysozyme?
3. White blood cells can kill “invader cells” that have entered the body. Why do white blood cells not mount attacks on the body’s own cells?
4. The signs of inflammation (following a cut, for example) are related to changes in which body structure(s)?
5. Why is it necessary to get only a single vaccination against the pathogen causing chicken pox, whereas a flu shot is necessary every year?
6. Describe two ways in which you can develop immunity to a disease.
7. Given that our bodies are good at recognizing and attacking “non-self” cells, how is it possible to receive a transplanted organ from another person?
8. Generally, the second time a person is exposed to a particular pathogen, his or her immune system is able to respond more quickly and effectively. Why?
9. Contrast the functions of effector cells and memory cells in fighting infections.
10. How can the self-destruction of an organism’s own cells be effective when fighting pathogens?
11. In an autoimmune disease, which part of the immune system is malfunctioning?
12. What characterizes the progression from HIV infection to “full-blown” AIDS?
Activity results are being submitted...