24.6–24.10 Hormones influence nearly every facet of an organism.

Hormones affect a person’s physique and physical performance, behavior, mood, and cognitive abilities, as well as health and longevity.

Question 24.16

Injecting a female prairie vole with a molecule that blocks oxytocin will have which of the following effects?

  • a) The female will experience uterine contractions.
  • b) The female will not bond with the male that she mates with.
  • c) Male voles will reject the female and any of her offspring.
  • d) The female will be unable to produce offspring.
  • e) All of the above are correct.

Question 24.17

All except one of the following pairs link a human gland with the hormone(s) it secretes. Which pairing is incorrect?

  • a) adrenal cortex: cortisol
  • b) pancreas: insulin
  • c) testis: testosterone
  • d) ovary: estrogen and progesterone
  • e) thyroid: oxytocin

Question 24.18

The pituitary gland is actually a fusion of two glands. Which of the following statements about its origins is correct?

  • a) The posterior pituitary is an outgrowth of the cerebellum; the anterior pituitary develops from the pineal gland.
  • b) The anterior pituitary is an outgrowth of the hypothalamus; the posterior pituitary is an outgrowth of the cerebellum.
  • c) The posterior pituitary is an outgrowth of the hypothalamus; the anterior pituitary is an outgrowth of the cerebellum.
  • d) The posterior pituitary is an outgrowth of the hypothalamus; the anterior pituitary develops from a fold of tissue at the roof of the embryonic mouth.
  • e) The anterior pituitary is an outgrowth of the hypothalamus; the posterior pituitary develops from a fold of tissue at the roof of the embryonic mouth.

Question 24.19

What important issue has arisen about the evidence that castrating sex offenders is effective in stopping their criminal behavior?

  • a) Only males have been tested; we can’t get a clear picture unless females are tested too (by having their ovaries removed).
  • b) The evidence on repeat offenders was self-reported by the castrated offenders themselves.
  • c) some cases, castration actually increased the tendency to re-offend.
  • d) Only males from a particular culture and country were castrated, so it’s hard to extend the evidence to other cultures.
  • e) In 100% of the cases, castration effectively stopped repeat offenses. The evidence is clear.

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