Important Terms

gene

allele

locus

genotype

homozygous

heterozygous

phenotype

monohybrid cross

P (parental) generation

F1 (first filial) generation

reciprocal cross

F2 (second filial) generation

dominant

recessive

principle of segregation (Mendel’s first law)

concept of dominance

chromosome theory of heredity

backcross

Punnett square

probability

multiplication rule

addition rule

conditional probability

testcross

wild type

dihybrid cross

principle of independent assortment (Mendel’s second law)

chi-square goodness-of-fit test