ribozyme

ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

messenger RNA (mRNA)

pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA)

transfer RNA (tRNA)

small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP)

small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA)

microRNA (miRNA)

small interfering RNA (siRNA)

Piwi-interacting RNA (pi-RNA)

long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)

CRISPR RNA (crRNA)

template strand

nontemplate strand

transcription unit

promoter

RNA-coding region

terminator

ribonucleoside triphosphate (rNTP)

RNA polymerase

core enzyme

sigma (σ) factor

holoenzyme

RNA polymerase I

RNA polymerase II

RNA polymerase III

RNA polymerase IV

RNA polymerase V

consensus sequence

−10 consensus sequence (Pribnow box)

−35 consensus sequence

rho-dependent terminator

rho (ρ) factor

rho-independent terminator

hairpin

polycistronic RNA

colinearity

exon

intron

codon

5′ untranslated region

Shine–Dalgarno sequence

protein-coding region

3′ untranslated region

5′ cap

poly(A) tail

RNA splicing

5′ splice site

3′ splice site

branch point

spliceosome

lariat

alternative processing

alternative splicing

modified base

cloverleaf structure

anticodon

large ribosomal subunit

small ribosomal subunit

RNA interference (RNAi)

RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)