Figure 22.11: A Phylogeny of the Fungi Microsporidia are reduced, parasitic fungi whose relationships among the fungi are uncertain. They may be the sister group of most other fungi or more closely related to particular groups of chytrids or zygospore fungi. The dashed lines indicate that chytrids and zygospore fungi are thought to be paraphyletic; the relationships of the lineages within these two informal groups (see Table 22.1) are not yet well resolved. The sac fungi and club fungi together form the clade Dikarya.