FIGURE 7.6 Photo Essay: Human Impacts on the Biosphere in North America Deforestation, desertification, and increasing water use have had major impacts on sub-Saharan Africa’s ecosystems. 7.6a Courtesy Raphael Gaillarde/Gamma-Rapho/Getty Images, 7.6b Courtesy Georges Merillon/Gamma-Rapho/Getty Images, 7.6c Courtesy Wade Davis/Archive Photos/Getty Images, 7.6d Courtesy Matt Fletcher/Lonely Planet Images/Getty Images