Four common problems with word choice can make it difficult for readers to understand your point. You can avoid them by using specific words that fit your meaning and make your writing clearer.

Vague and Abstract Words

Your words need to create a clear picture for your readers. Vague and abstract words are too general to make an impression. Here are some common vague and abstract words.

When you see one of these words or another general word in your writing, try to replace it with a concrete or more specific word. A concrete word names something that can be seen, heard, felt, tasted, or smelled. A specific word names a particular individual or quality. Compare these two sentences:

The first version is too general to be interesting. The second version creates a clear, strong image.

Some words are so vague that it is best to avoid them altogether.

Slang

Slang, the informal and casual language shared by a particular group, should be used only in informal and casual situations. Avoid it when you write, especially for college classes or at work. Use language that is appropriate for your audience and purpose.

If you are not sure if a word is slang, check an online source, such as http://www.slangvocabulary.com/wp/ or http://www.manythings.org/e/slang.html.

Wordy Language

Using too many words in a piece of writing can obscure or weaken the point.

Wordy language includes phrases that contain too many words, unnecessarily modify a statement, or use slightly different words without adding any new ideas. It also includes overblown language — unnecessarily complicated words and phrases that are often used to make the writer or writing sound important.

Clichés

Clichés are phrases used so often that people no longer pay attention to them. To get your point across and to get your readers’ attention, replace clichés with fresh language that precisely expresses your meaning.

There are hundreds of clichés. To check if you have used a cliché, go to westegg.com/cliche.