Page 598 and 599 Exercises IV.1, IV.2, IV.5, and IV.10 cite results from Gallup polls found at www.gallup.com.

Page 599 Exercise IV.9: Matthew K. Wynia et al., “Physician manipulation of reimbursement rules for patients,” Journal of the American Medical Association, 283 (2000), pp. 1858–1865.

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Page 600 Exercise IV.11: Michael F. Weeks, Richard A. Kulka, and Stephanie A. Pierson, “Optimal call scheduling for a telephone survey,” Public Opinion Quarterly, 51 (1987), pp. 540–549.

Page 600 Exercise IV.15: C. Kirk Hadaway, Penny Long Marler, and Mark Chaves, “What the polls don’t show: a closer look at U.S. church attendance,” American Sociological Review, 58 (1993), pp. 741–752. There are also many comments and rebuttals about measuring religious attendance in American Sociological Review, 63 (1998). Recent estimates of church attendance can be found at the Gallup Poll website, www.gallup.com. At the time of this writing, the most recent results were for 2010.

Page 602 Exercise IV.22: Charles W. L. Hill and Phillip Phan, “CEO tenure as a determinant of CEO pay,” Academy of Management Journal, 34 (1991), pp. 707–717.

Page 602 Exercise IV.24: A. R. Hirsch and L. H. Johnston, “Odors and learning,” Journal of Neurological and Orthopedic Medicine and Surgery, 17 (1996), pp. 119–126.We found the data in a case study in the Electronic Encyclopedia of Statistical Examples and Exercises (EESEE), available at http://whfreeman.com/catalog/static/whf/eesee.

Page 602 The shark data in Exercise IV.25 were provided by Chris Olsen, who found the information in scuba-diving magazines.

Page 603 We found the example in Exercise IV.28 from the SAT scores for college-bound seniors, available online at http://research.collegeboard.org/programs/sat/data/cb-seniors-2015

Page 603 Exercise IV.29: Sara J. Solnick and David Hemenway, “Complaints and disenrollment at a health maintenance organization,” Journal of Consumer Affairs, 26 (1992), pp. 90–103.

Page 604 Exercise IV.30: L. L. Miao, “Gastric freezing: an example of the evaluation of medical therapy by randomized clinical trials,” in J. P. Bunker, B. A. Barnes, and F. Mosteller (eds.), Costs, Risks and Benefits of Surgery, Oxford University Press, 1977, pp. 198–211.