8.5 KEY CONCEPT QUIZ

Question 8.1

Emotions can be described by their location on the two dimensions of

  1. motivation and scaling.

  2. arousal and valence.

  3. stimulus and reaction.

  4. pain and pleasure.

b

Question 8.2

Which theorists claimed that that a stimulus simultaneously causes both an emotional experience and a physiological reaction?

  1. Cannon and Bard

  2. James and Lange

  3. Schacter and Singer

  4. Klüver and Bucy

a

Question 8.3

Which brain structure is most directly involved in the rapid appraisal of whether a stimulus is good or bad?

  1. the cortex

  2. the hypothalamus

  3. the amygdala

  4. the thalamus

c

Question 8.4

Through _____, we change an emotional experience by changing the meaning of the emotion-eliciting stimulus.

  1. deactivation

  2. appraisal

  3. valence

  4. re-appraisal

d

Question 8.5

Which of the following does NOT provide any support for the universality hypothesis?

  1. Congenitally blind people make the facial expressions associated with the basic emotions.

  2. Infants only days old react to bitter tastes with expressions of disgust.

  3. Robots have been engineered to exhibit emotional expressions.

  4. Researchers have discovered that isolated people living a Stone Age existence with little contact with the outside world recognize the emotional expressions of Westerners.

c

Question 8.6

______ is the idea that emotional expressions can cause emotional experiences.

  1. A display rule

  2. Expressional deception

  3. The universality hypothesis

  4. The facial feedback hypothesis

d

Question 8.7

Two friends have asked you to help them settle a disagreement. You hear each side of the story and have an emotional response to one viewpoint, but you do not express it. This is an example of which display rule?

  1. de-intensification

  2. masking

  3. neutralizing

  4. intensification

c

Question 8.8

Which of the following does NOT distinguish sincere from insincere expressions?

  1. temporal patterning

  2. duration

  3. symmetry

  4. levity

a

Question 8.9

Which of the following statements is inaccurate?

  1. Certain facial muscles are reliably engaged by sincere facial expressions.

  2. Even when people smile bravely to mask disappointment, their faces tend to express small bursts of disappointment.

  3. Studies show that human lie detection ability is extremely good.

  4. Polygraph machines detect lies at a rate better than chance, but their error rate is still quite high.

c

Question 8.10

The hedonic principle states that

  1. emotions provide people with information.

  2. people are motivated to experience pleasure and avoid pain.

  3. people use their moods as information about the likelihood of succeeding at a task.

  4. motivations are acquired solely through experience.

b

Question 8.11

According to the early psychologists, an unlearned tendency to seek a particular goal is called

  1. an instinct.

  2. a drive.

  3. a motivation.

  4. a corrective action.

a

Question 8.12

According to Maslow, our most basic needs are

  1. self-actualization and self-esteem.

  2. biological.

  3. unimportant until other needs are met.

  4. belongingness and love.

b

Question 8.13

Which of the following is NOT a dimension on which psychological motivations vary?

  1. intrinsic–extrinsic

  2. conscious–unconscious

  3. avoid–approach

  4. appraisal–re-appraisal

d

Question 8.14

Which of the following statements is true?

  1. Men and women engage in sex for many of the same reasons.

  2. Boys and girls experience initial sexual interest at different ages.

  3. The sequence of physiological arousal for men and women differs dramatically.

  4. The human male sex drive is regulated by testosterone while the human female sex drive is regulated by estrogen.

a

Question 8.15

Which of the following activities is most likely the result of extrinsic motivation?

  1. completing a crossword puzzle

  2. pursuing a career as a musician

  3. having ice cream for dessert

  4. flossing one’s teeth

d

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