| Theory | Advantages | Further Thoughts |
|---|---|---|
| Spearman’s general intelligence (g) There is a general intelligence driving abilities in many areas. | There is a connection among different abilities such as verbal, spatial, and reasoning competencies. | Given the complexity of the mind, can intelligence really be explained by a single general factor? |
| Gardner’s multiple intelligences There are eight types of intelligences, which go beyond academic smarts and scholarship. | Linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, intrapersonal, interpersonal, and naturalist are “frames of mind” that allow humans to succeed. | What differentiates intelligence from skills? |
| Sternberg’s triarchic theory Humans have varying degrees of analytical, creative, and practical competencies. | Analytic intelligence allows us to solve problems, creative intelligence represents knowledge and skills used to handle new situations, and practical intelligence includes the ability to adjust to different environments, all of which can be assessed. | Are each of these areas separate, or do they share something in common (like a g factor)? |
| A summary of the main theories of intelligence, each with its own set of strengths and other considerations. | ||