Articles from Databases

Author. In a note, list the author(s) first name first. In the bibliographic entry, list the first author last name first, comma, first name; list other authors first name first.

Article title. Enclose the title and subtitle (if any) in quotation marks, and capitalize major words. In the notes section, put a comma before and after the title. In the bibliography, put a period before and after.

Periodical title. Italicize the title and subtitle, and capitalize all major words. For a magazine or newspaper, follow with a comma.

Volume and issue numbers (for journals) and date. For journals, follow the title with the volume number, a comma, the abbreviation no., and the issue number; enclose the publication year in parentheses and follow with a comma (in a note) or with a period (in a bibliography). For other periodicals, give the month and year or month, day, and year, not in parentheses, followed by a comma.

Page numbers. In a note, give the page where the information is found. In the bibliographic entry, give the page range.

Retrieval information. Provide the article’s DOI, if one is given, the name of the database, or a “stable or persistent” URL for the article in the database. Because you provide stable retrieval information, you do not need to identify the electronic format of the work (i.e., PDF, as in the example shown here). End with a period.

Citations for the journal article pictured below would look like this: