A. Adu Boahen, African Perspectives on Colonialism (1987). An examination of the colonial experience by a prominent African scholar.

Alice Conklin and Ian Fletcher, European Imperialism, 1830–1930 (1999). A collection of both classical reflections on empire and examples of modern scholarship.

Scott B. Cook, Colonial Encounters in the Age of High Imperialism (1996). Seven case studies of the late nineteenth-century colonial experience.

Adam Hochschild, King Leopold’s Ghost (1999). A journalist’s evocative account of the horrors of early colonial rule in the Congo.

Douglas Peers, India under Colonial Rule (2006). A concise and up-to-date exploration of colonial India.

Bonnie Smith, ed., Imperialism (2000). A fine collection of documents, pictures, and commentary on nineteenth- and twentieth-century empires.

Margaret Strobel, Gender, Sex, and Empire (1994). A brief account of late twentieth-century historical thinking about colonial life and gender.

Bridging World History, Unit 21: “Colonial Identities,” http://www.learner.org/courses/worldhistory/unit_main_21.html. Provides text, primary and secondary sources, images, and video to explore the question of identity during the colonial era via clothing.