Organize the Evidence for Thinking through Sources 15

Source Links:

Source 15.1 Table Talk

Source 15.2 Calvinists Destroying Statues in a Catholic Church

Source 15.3 Sketch of the Progress of the Human Mind

Source 15.4 Joseph Wright, A Philosopher Giving a Lecture on the Orrery

Source 15.5 History and Doctrines of the Wahhabis

Source 15.6 Poetry

Source 15.7 Kumbhaka

The following exercises provide an opportunity to use the sources collectively to respond to a guiding question.

Guiding Question

Each of these sources is protesting or criticizing something. How might you compare the ideas, practices, or authorities against which they are reacting? What historical circumstances generated these protests?

Instructions

Below are five topics that might find a place in organizing an essay responding to the guiding question. This exercise asks you to identify which sources would provide relevant evidence for that topic. Select the best answers for each question. Choose ALL that apply.

Click the “submit” button for each question to turn in your work.

  1. Question 15.29

    Which sources seek to reform older wisdom traditions by rejecting what are defined as false, idolatrous, or useless devotions and practices and returning to earlier expressions of these traditions? Choose ALL that apply.
    1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA== A. Source 15.1: Luther’s Protest
    1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA== B. Source 15.2: Calvinism and Catholicism
    ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw== C. Source 15.3: Progress and Enlightenment
    1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA== D. Source 15.5: The Wahhabi Perspective on Islam
    1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA== E. Source 15.6: The Poetry of Kabir
    ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw== F. Source 15.7: Religious Syncretism in Indian Art
    Correct: Source 15.1: Luther envisions returning to a purer Christian faith stripped of traditions and practices created by Catholic Church authorities. Source 15.2: The Calvinists in this image seek to “cleanse” the church of idolatrous creations, creating a purer place of worship. Source 15.5: The Wahhabis seek to return to what they see as the true teachings of Islam by eliminating later traditions that block direct worship of God. Source 15.6: Kabir finds many religious practices, like pilgrimage shrines and holy texts, useless for spiritual fulfillment, but did not deny the usefulness of the traditions in which they were embedded. Source 15.3: Condorcet seeks to create a society based on new principles, not a reformed set of older principles. Source 15.7: This source depicts the mixing of religious traditions, not the rejection of false, idolatrous, or useless devotions or practices.
    Incorrect: Source 15.1: Luther envisions returning to a purer Christian faith stripped of traditions and practices created by Catholic Church authorities. Source 15.2: The Calvinists in this image seek to “cleanse” the church of idolatrous creations, creating a purer place of worship. Source 15.5: The Wahhabis seek to return to what they see as the true teachings of Islam by eliminating later traditions that block direct worship of God. Source 15.6: Kabir finds many religious practices, like pilgrimage shrines and holy texts, useless for spiritual fulfillment, but did not deny the usefulness of the traditions in which they were embedded. Source 15.3: Condorcet seeks to create a society based on new principles, not a reformed set of older principles. Source 15.7: This source depicts the mixing of religious traditions, not the rejection of false, idolatrous, or useless devotions or practices.

  2. Question 15.30

    Which sources provide evidence of the blending together of multiple cultural or religious traditions? Choose ALL that apply.
    ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw== A. Source 15.2: Calvinism and Catholicism
    ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw== B. Source 15.3: Progress and Enlightenment
    ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw== C. Source 15.4: Art and Enlightenment
    ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw== D. Source 15.5: The Wahhabi Perspective on Islam
    1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA== E. Source 15.6: The Poetry of Kabir
    1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA== F. Source 15.7: Religious Syncretism in Indian Art
    Correct: Source 15.6: Kabir argues that there are many paths to spiritual fulfillment by mixing multiple cultural and religious traditions together in his poetry. Source 15.7: This image depicts the mixing of Hindu yoga practices and Sufi Muslim religious devotions. Source 15.2: This source depicts only the Christian religious tradition. Source 15.3: Condorcet seeks to replace older beliefs with human reason, not blend religious traditions. Source 15.4: This source depicts a scientific experiment, casting no light on the blending of religious traditions. Source 15.5: The Wahhabis seek a pure form of Islam, not a blending of religious traditions.
    Incorrect: Source 15.6: Kabir argues that there are many paths to spiritual fulfillment by mixing multiple cultural and religious traditions together in his poetry. Source 15.7: This image depicts the mixing of Hindu yoga practices and Sufi Muslim religious devotions. Source 15.2: This source depicts only the Christian religious tradition. Source 15.3: Condorcet seeks to replace older beliefs with human reason, not blend religious traditions. Source 15.4: This source depicts a scientific experiment, casting no light on the blending of religious traditions. Source 15.5: The Wahhabis seek a pure form of Islam, not a blending of religious traditions.

  3. Question 15.31

    Which sources embrace an altogether new approach to creating a better society rather than drawing on older traditions for inspiration? Choose ALL that apply.
    ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw== A. Source 15.1: Luther’s Protest
    1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA== B. Source 15.3: Progress and Enlightenment
    1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA== C. Source 15.4: Art and Enlightenment
    ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw== D. Source 15.5: The Wahhabi Perspective on Islam
    ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw== E. Source 15.6: The Poetry of Kabir
    ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw== F. Source 15.7: Religious Syncretism in Indian Art
    Correct: Source 15.3: In pursuit of his ideal society, Condorcet looks to human reason rather than older beliefs, which he labels as superstitious. Source 15.4: The scientific experiment depicted in this image represents a new approach to understanding the universe. Source 15.1: Luther draws on older Christian traditions. Source 15.5: The Wahhabis sought to return to an older and purer form of Islam, not to embrace a new approach to a better society. Source 15.6: Kabir draws on multiple older traditions in his poem, not a new approach to a better society. Source 15.7: This source depicts the ancient Hindu practice of yoga in a Sufi context, not a new approach to a better society.
    Incorrect: Source 15.3: In pursuit of his ideal society, Condorcet looks to human reason rather than older beliefs, which he labels as superstitious. Source 15.4: The scientific experiment depicted in this image represents a new approach to understanding the universe. Source 15.1: Luther draws on older Christian traditions. Source 15.5: The Wahhabis sought to return to an older and purer form of Islam, not to embrace a new approach to a better society. Source 15.6: Kabir draws on multiple older traditions in his poem, not a new approach to a better society. Source 15.7: This source depicts the ancient Hindu practice of yoga in a Sufi context, not a new approach to a better society.

  4. Question 15.32

    Which sources reflect the impact of multiple religions coexisting in the same region? Choose ALL that apply.
    ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw== A. Source 15.2: Calvinism and Catholicism
    ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw== B. Source 15.4: Art and Enlightenment
    ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw== C. Source 15.5: The Wahhabi Perspective on Islam
    1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA== D. Source 15.6: The Poetry of Kabir
    1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA== E. Source 15.7: Religious Syncretism in Indian Art
    Correct: Source 15.6: Kabir’s references to both Muslim and Hindu religious ideas and practices reflect the presence of several religious traditions within India. Source 15.7: This source reflects the multifaith environment of the Mughal court by depicting the mixing of Hindu yoga practices and Sufi Muslim religious devotions. Source 15.2: This source depicts sectarian violence between Christians, not the impact of coexistence among multiple religions. Source 15.4: This painting of a scientific experiment offers no evidence concerning religious coexistence. Source 15.5: The Wahhabi seek a pure form of Islam, not a blending of religious traditions.
    Incorrect: Source 15.6: Kabir’s references to both Muslim and Hindu religious ideas and practices reflect the presence of several religious traditions within India. Source 15.7: This source reflects the multifaith environment of the Mughal court by depicting the mixing of Hindu yoga practices and Sufi Muslim religious devotions. Source 15.2: This source depicts sectarian violence between Christians, not the impact of coexistence among multiple religions. Source 15.4: This painting of a scientific experiment offers no evidence concerning religious coexistence. Source 15.5: The Wahhabi seek a pure form of Islam, not a blending of religious traditions.

  5. Question 15.33

    Which sources criticize the teachings or the behavior of religious authorities? Choose ALL that apply.
    1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA== A. Source 15.1: Luther’s Protest
    1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA== B. Source 15.2: Calvinism and Catholicism
    1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA== C. Source 15.3: Progress and Enlightenment
    ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw== D. Source 15.4: Art and Enlightenment
    1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA== E. Source 15.5: The Wahhabi Perspective on Islam
    ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw== F. Source 15.7: Religious Syncretism in Indian Art
    Correct: Source 15.1: Luther directly criticizes the pope, cardinals, bishops, and friars in his writings. Source 15.2: The actions of the Calvinists represent their rejection of the Catholic authorities who built and maintained the church. Source 15.3: Condorcet viewed priests as one of the groups in society that taught “[t]he superstitions of antiquity and the abasement of reason before the madness of supernatural religion.” Source 15.5: Wahhabis oppose alternative Islamic traditions. Source 15.4: This image of a scientific experiment makes no direct reference to religious teachings. Source 15.7: This source depicts the ancient Hindu practice of yoga as it was embraced by a Sufi master, not criticism of religious authorities.
    Incorrect: Source 15.1: Luther directly criticizes the pope, cardinals, bishops, and friars in his writings. Source 15.2: The actions of the Calvinists represent their rejection of the Catholic authorities who built and maintained the church. Source 15.3: Condorcet viewed priests as one of the groups in society that taught “[t]he superstitions of antiquity and the abasement of reason before the madness of supernatural religion.” Source 15.5: Wahhabis oppose alternative Islamic traditions. Source 15.4: This image of a scientific experiment makes no direct reference to religious teachings. Source 15.7: This source depicts the ancient Hindu practice of yoga as it was embraced by a Sufi master, not criticism of religious authorities.