What type of fold is shown in Figure 7.1a? Is the small fault on the right side of Figure 7.1b a normal fault or a thrust fault? Estimate the fault’s offset, expressing your answer in meters.
On a geologic map of 1:250,000 scale, how many centimeters would represent an actual distance of 2.5 km? What is the actual distance in miles of 1 inch on the same map?
The movement of the North American and Pacific plates along the San Andreas fault has offset the stream channel in Figure 7.7 by 130 m. Geologists have determined that this channel is 3800 years old. What is the slip rate along the San Andreas fault at this site, expressed in millimeters per year?
From Figure 2.7, estimate the direction of the plate tectonic forces that are causing the extension of the Red Sea.
Show that a left jog in a right-lateral strike-slip fault will produce compression, whereas a right jog in a right-lateral strike-slip fault will produce extension. Write a similar rule for left-lateral strike-slip faults.
Draw a geologic cross section that tells the following story: A series of marine sediments was deposited and subsequently deformed by compressive forces into a fold and thrust belt. The mountains of the fold and thrust belt eroded to sea level, and new sediments were deposited. The region then began to be extended, and lava intruded the new sediments to create a sill. In the latest stage, tensional forces broke the crust to form a rift valley bounded by steeply dipping normal faults.