Roosevelt dies; Truman becomes president.

George F. Kennan drafts containment policy.

United States grants independence to Philippines.

National Security Act passes.

Truman announces Truman Doctrine.

United States sends aid to Greece and Turkey.

Marshall Plan approved.

United States recognizes Israel.

Berlin crisis precipitates airlift drops.

Communists take over China.

North Atlantic Treaty Organization formed.

Soviet Union explodes atomic bomb.

Truman approves hydrogen bomb.