| A MAP OF TIME |
|---|
| 1345–1521 | Aztec Empire in Mesoamerica |
| 1368–1644 | Ming dynasty in China |
| 1370–1405 | Conquests of Timur |
| 15th century | Spread of Islam in Southeast AsiaCivil war among Japanese warlordsRise of Hindu state of Vijayanagara in southern IndiaEuropean RenaissanceFlourishing of African states of Ethiopia, Kongo, Benin, Zimbabwe |
| 1405–1433 | Chinese maritime voyages |
| 1415 | Beginning of Portuguese exploration of West African coast |
| 1438–1533 | Inca Empire along the Andes |
| 1453 | Ottoman seizure of Constantinople |
| 1464–1591 | Songhay Empire in West Africa |
| 1492 | Christian reconquest of Spain from Muslims completed; Columbus’s first transatlantic voyage |
| 1497–1520s | Portuguese entry into the Indian Ocean world |
| 1501 | Founding of Safavid Empire in Persia |
| 1526 | Founding of Mughal Empire in India |