#em#Chicago#/em# guidelines, bibliography

Typically, endnotes in Chicago-style papers are followed by a bibliography, an alphabetically arranged list of all the works cited or consulted. Center the title Bibliography about one inch from the top of the page. Number bibliography pages consecutively with the rest of the paper.

Sample Chicago bibliography

Alphabetizing the list

Alphabetize the bibliography by the last names of the authors (or editors); when a work has no author or editor, alphabetize it by the first word of the title other than A, An, or The.

If your list includes two or more works by the same author, use three hyphens instead of the author’s name in all entries after the first. Arrange the entries alphabetically by title.

Indenting and line spacing

Begin each entry at the left margin, and indent any additional lines one-half inch (hanging indent). Single-space each entry and double-space between entries. But check with your instructor because preferences can vary.

Dividing URLs and DOIs in the bibliography

Do not insert a hyphen when dividing a URL at the end of a line. Break the URL or DOI only after a colon or a double slash or before any other punctuation mark.

If your word processing program automatically turns URLs into hot links (by underlining them and highlighting them in color), turn off this feature.

Chicago guidelines, body of paper

Chicago guidelines, footnotes and endnotes

Directory to Chicago (CMS) model papers