1. D’Addario looks to scholars in American Indian history for their opinions on the Tonto character. In this way, his rhetorical analysis is based on secondary research, and this helps him understand the history of this character. What is the effect of Depp and the film’s creators’ failure to look to these experts before they made the film? Given the availability of such information, why do you think they made that choice? (See “Pay attention to audience”.)

2. What would happen if D’Addario ended his essay by mentioning the few positive reviews of the movie, and Depp’s efforts to gain the approval of the Comanche Nation, instead of beginning the essay with these details? (See Chapter 30, “Introductions and Conclusions”.)

3. WRITING: Look at the ways that other offensive characterizations of Native Americans have been challenged recently, including prominent sports team names and mascots. How are these characterizations defended? What rhetorical tricks are used to justify the use of images and stereotypes that many people find offensive? Study one specific example and write a rhetorical analysis essay — as D’Addario does, look for what American Indian scholars have to say about the issue as well. (See “Distinguish between primary and secondary sources”.)

4. MULTIMODALITY — VISUAL ESSAY: Create a short visual essay exploring an aspect of American Indian history. For example, a visual essay on the 1830 Indian Removal Act could include archival images and quotes as well as before-and-after maps and statistics. You can begin your research by digging into the scholarship of the experts cited in D’Addario’s essay. As you will see, they have written about more than just Tonto.