| 1434–1737 |
Medici family in power in Florence |
| 1450s |
Development of movable metal type in Germany |
| 1469 |
Marriage of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon |
| 1492 |
Spain conquers Granada; practicing Jews expelled from Spain |
| 1508–1512 |
Michelangelo paints ceiling of the Sistine Chapel |
| 1513 |
Niccolò Machiavelli writes The Prince |
| 1521 |
Diet of Worms |
| 1521–1555 |
Charles V’s wars against Valois kings |
| 1525 |
Peasant revolts in Germany |
| 1527 |
Henry VIII of England asks Pope Clement VII to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon |
| 1536 |
John Calvin publishes The Institutes of the Christian Religion |
| 1540 |
Founding of the Society of Jesus ( Jesuits) |
| 1545–1563 |
Council of Trent |
| 1555 |
Peace of Augsburg |
| 1558–1603 |
Reign of Elizabeth I in England |
| 1560–1660 |
Height of European witch-hunt |
| 1568–1578 |
Civil war in the Netherlands |
| 1572 |
Saint Bartholomew’s Day massacre |
| 1598 |
Edict of Nantes |