Chapter 2 Review

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“Preparation and perseverance are the keys to a successful speech.”

The most successful presentations in history, such as Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech, usually derive from careful thought, planning, and preparation. Both beginning and more experienced speakers should remember this lesson: even a first-time speaker can give a much stronger presentation by taking a bit of extra time and effort.

In this chapter, we emphasized the importance of preparing for public speaking. First, we introduced the five classical canons of rhetoric, a set of guidelines that continue to inform the way many speech instructors teach speech preparation today.

Next, we presented a step-by-step process for preparing your first speech. It’s important to note that speech development is a craft comprising a set of specific skills that you can master. The nine main steps are analyzing the audience; selecting a topic; determining the rhetorical purpose; creating a thesis statement; determining your main points; developing supporting materials; organizing and outlining the body, introduction, conclusion, and transitions; considering word choice and presentation aids; and practicing and delivering the speech. By making good choices at each step of the speech preparation process, you improve your chances of delivering a successful presentation.

In this chapter, we also outlined some basic techniques to help you overcome your speech anxiety by emphasizing that you can channel your nervousness to help you become a better speaker. To help you “get the butterflies flying in formation,” we suggest that you prepare early and follow a plan. Strive to take care of yourself by balancing responsibilities with personal needs. To build a positive outlook, try visualizing success, using relaxation techniques, and volunteering to speak first. And when you are speaking, stay positive: don’t be your own worst critic.

LaunchPad for Speak Up offers videos and encourages self-assessment through adaptive quizzing. Look for the check icon and play icon throughout the chapter for adaptive quizzing and online video activities.

Key Terms

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classical canon of rhetoric 38

invention 38

arrangement 39

style 39

memory 39

delivery 39

audience analysis 41

topic 42

rhetorical purpose 44

thesis statement 45

main point 46

supporting material 46

brainstorming 47

research 47

bibliographic information 47

outline 48

body 48

subpoint 49

subordination 49

introduction 49

conclusion 50

transition 50

word choice (diction) 51

presentation aid 52

extemporaneous delivery 52

mediated presentation 53

speech anxiety (stage fright) 54

imagined interaction 56

visualization 57

relaxation strategy 58

Review Questions

  1. Question

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  2. Question

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  3. Question

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  4. Question

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  5. Question

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  6. Question

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  7. Question

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    Define main points and subpoints, and explain the principle of subordination.

  8. Question

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  9. Question

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  10. Question

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  11. 64

    Question

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Critical Thinking Questions

  1. Question

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  2. Question

    w/UbThs2bwRk+2G2FKuuYP9e25aBt9d9PMV0ziKFu6rb2Q0U8lai1ggGRsVYkCLpKr8oQBAaDqZZNJKrB28HRPbCTG6JhaBDLSUIpJHt5eBaRhy27Dfldwmx8ZpKYglhi9Sek1S5HL98KNC9anrUeGab20dMDiyPAaAAk3nlEi9f0OJhmQ6lFCtCOaS3CBcU2PorqciuV8jRxr1bMz8/oyoJAL+zq0BAQmRWL9eMNkt5M4IYyT5Fh/B2jYlg3C1KJsSwP8TJF/w=
    How would the research and supporting materials you might use in a persuasive speech differ from those you might use in a special-occasion speech?

  3. Question

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Activities

  1. Question

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    Chapter 2 - Activity Question 1

  2. Question

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    Chapter 2 - Activity Question 2

  3. Question

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    Chapter 2 - Activity Question 3

  4. Question

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    Chapter 2 - Activity Question 4

  5. 65

    Question

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    Chapter 2 - Activity Question 5