Here is an example summary of this reading selection:

In “Dude, Do You Know What You Just Said?” Mike Crissey reports on the research of Scott Kiesling, a linguist at the University of Pittsburgh who studies the language in everyday use. He explains that the meaning of the word dude has changed from “scarecrow,” its original meaning, to a term used by teens and young adults to bridge the social space between friend and acquaintance. Because dude is a term of casual association, it is sometimes used by young women as well as young men, but it is rarely used with parents, teachers, or employers.

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