From Source to Speech

Recording and Citing Articles from Periodicals

When using an article as a source, locate and record the following citation elements:

Record Notes

When taking notes, create a separate heading for each idea and record each of the citation elements (author, title, and so forth). Indicate whether the material is a direct quotation, a paraphrase, or a summary of the information. Following is a sample note for a summary (see also sample notes for paraphrases, p. 67, and quotations, p. 81).

NOTES FOR A SUMMARY:

Orally Cite Sources in Your Speech

In your speech, alert the audience to the source of any ideas not your own:

SPEECH EXCERPT INDICATING A SUMMARY:

According to Ben Knight’s article “Better Mileage Now,” in the February 2010 issue of Scientific American, there may be a greener future for the internal-combustion engine: technological innovations can help this engine become more efficient, and new legislation will help to ensure that these innovations lead to real increases in fuel economy.

You can find more information on oral citation in Chapter 11.

For guidelines on various citation styles including Chicago, APA, MLA, CSE, and IEEE, see Appendix A.