Taiping Uprising, 836–38
Opium Wars, 838–40
Commissioner Lin, 839–41
unequal treaties, 839–41
self-strengthening movement, 842–44
Boxer Uprising, 843
“the sick man of Europe,” 844–46
Tanzimat, 847
Young Ottomans, 848
Sultan Abd al-Hamid II, 848–49
Young Turks, 849
informal empires, 849
Battle of Adowa, 850–51
Tokugawa Japan, 852–54
Meiji Restoration, 855
Russo-Japanese War, 1904–1905, 859