CHAPTER 6 ESSENTIALS

• The format and aspect ratio of a film is determined by creative and commercial concerns. Even if you are shooting in one aspect ratio, it is important to protect the frame or shoot alternate shots for other aspect ratios in which your film may be seen.
• Digital cameras capture optical data and store it on memory cards or hard drives, for editing and visual manipulation later in the filmmaking process. Only by using a digital camera’s manual controls can you experience its full potential as a creative tool.
• Film cameras record images through a photochemical process, which is more cumbersome and expensive than digital, while sometimes offering greater creative control and higher image quality.
• Lenses determine what the camera sees. There are two kinds: primes, which have fixed focal lengths, and zooms, which have variable focal lengths. You can also use a wide variety of specialized lenses to achieve specific effects.
• Although cameras can be handheld, you will get steadier shots and smoother moves by using accessories and specialized rigs to support and move the camera.