[Open index in supp window]
table of contents, for portfolio, 340
tables, 269. See also visuals and media
tag questions, 694
take, bring, 753
take-
Talking the Talk. See also the directory of boxed tips on p. 815
abbreviations
in the disciplines, 740
texting, 378
arguments, 162
assignments, 26
audience, reaching, 194
collaboration or cheating, 119
conventions, 17
correctness or stuffiness, 600
critical thinking, 126
disciplines, academic, 740
first person, 296
genre names, 35
grammatical terms, 547
numbers, 740
originality, 239
paragraph length, 96
research with an open mind, 215
revision, 65
saying something new, 239
spell checkers, 395
texting abbreviations, 378
visual texts, 137
wikis as sources, 208
wrong-
team projects. See collaboration
technical language, 294–95, 375–78
television. See visuals and media
templates, design
for portfolios, 338
for print and digital texts, 265
for Web sites and Web pages, 288, 338, 347
tense, 578–83 The form of a verb that indicates the time when an action takes place—
APA style, 308, 454, 580
Chicago style, 495
of irregular verbs, 573–76
literary present, 580
MLA style, 580
for multilingual writers, 578–83
Quick Help, 583–84
of regular verbs, 573
in science writing, 318, 579
sequence of, 583–84
shifts in, 7, 626
subject-
testimony, in argument, 171–72
tests, 331–36
text Traditionally, words on paper, but now anything that conveys a message. See also visuals and media
analyzing, 133–39
designing, 262–71
multimodal, 56–57, 285–90
in rhetorical triangle, 23–24
Web-
text messages
best practices for, 22
formality in, 358–59
punctuation of, 706–7
purpose and, 346
Talking the Talk, 378
than, then, 758
that
in conditional sentences, 587
as determiner, 563–64
subject-
vague use, 608
versus who, which, 608
that, this, 563–64
that, which, 608, 758
the (article)
as adjective, 540
for multilingual writers, 563–66, 657
with nouns, 535
in titles of works, 733, 743
their, there, they’re, 397
theirs, 8
theirselves, 758
them, they, 598–601
then, than, 758
therefore. See conjunctive adverb
there is, there are
at beginning of sentence, 84–85, 549
subject-
wordiness and, 662
there, their, they’re, 397
thesaurus, 3
thesis A statement that indicates the main idea or claim of a piece of writing. Thesis statements should include a topic—
in academic writing, 18
in arguments, 164–65
in essay examinations, 333–34, 335
in global communication, 357–58
in the humanities, 302
hypothesis and, 195–96, 198
for multilingual writers, 49, 252
peer reviews of, 252, 258
referring to, in conclusions, 81–82
for research projects, 198, 251–52, 254–55
restating in conclusion, 81–82, 255
revising, 80
statement of, 47–48, 49, 198
testing, 251
working, 47–49, 164–65, 198, 251
they, indefinite use of, 609
they, them, 598–601
they’re, their, there, 397
thinking critically. See critical thinking and reading
third person (he, she, it, they)
of forms of be, 569–70
shifts and, 627
subject-
this, that, 563–64
this, vague use of, 608
thorough, threw, through, 758
threats, in argument, 151
threw, through, thorough, 758
time of day
abbreviating, 737
colon in, 724
numbers in, 741
time for project
for business reading, 322
for multimodal texts, 285
for presentations, 121, 279, 281
for public writing, 346
for research projects, 193, 254
in rhetorical situation, 36
timing, in rhetorical situation, 24–25
title, revising, 81
title pages
APA style, 453
Chicago style, 494–95
CSE style, 518
MLA style, 405
titles of persons
abbreviations for, 704, 736–37
capitalizing, 732
commas with, 695
in global communication, 358–59
titles of works
capitalizing, 5, 733
italics for, 5, 743
previewing, 126
quotation marks for, 5, 715–16
of research projects, 254
revising, 81
subject-
to, capitalization of, 733
to forms. See infinitives
to, too, two, 397, 758
tone
for academic writing, 86, 629
design and, 265
for global communication, 356
for online texts, 22
for presentations, 281
for research projects, 250
reviewing for, 73
revising, 86
rhetorical situation and, 37
shifts in, 629
of sources, evaluating, 217
too, to, two, 397, 758
topic
choosing, 27, 194
exploring, 40–46
for multimodal text, 286
narrowing, 27, 47, 195
for online text, 286
of paragraph, 95–98
for research project, 194–95
rhetorical situation and, 24
in working thesis, 48
topic sentences, 73, 82, 95–97
Top Twenty (common errors), 1–11
apostrophes, 7–8, 708–12
capitalization, 5, 730–35
commas, missing, 3, 6–7, 687–90
commas, unnecessary, 5, 697–98
comma splice, 8, 636–40
documentation, 3, 245–46
editing quizzes. See the directory of online activities on p. 818
fused (run-
hyphens, 10, 747–50
pronoun-
pronoun reference, 4, 607–9
Quick Help, 2, 11
quotation marks, 4–5, 713–19
quotations, integrating, 9, 232–36
sentence fragments, 10–11, 643–47
sentence structure, 6, 654–55
spelling, 4, 394–400
verb tense, shifts in, 7, 626
words, missing, 6, 634, 656–57
words, wrong, 2–3, 395, 396–97
Toulmin arguments, 146–49, 164–65, 180–81
track changes, 58, 68–69
transition A word or phrase that signals a progression from one sentence or part of a sentence to another.
for coherence, 110–12
commas with, 693
in essay examinations, 334
paragraphs for, 116
in presentations, 275–76
Quick Help, 111
reviewing for, 73
semicolons with, 700–701
in sentence fragment, 644
for sentence variety, 674
transitive verb, 550–51, 623 A verb that acts on an object: Iposted my review online.
translations
citing in APA style, 463, 466
citing in Chicago style, 502
citing in MLA style, 417
providing, 38, 371–73
triangle, rhetorical, 23–24
troubleshooting. See Top Twenty
tutorials. See the directory of online activities on p. 817
Twitter and microblogs
audience for, 14–16, 31
best practices for, 22
citing in APA style, 481
citing in MLA style, 434
to explore a topic, 44, 46
to make something happen, 346
punctuation of, 706–7
rhetorical situation for, 14–16
sample student writing, 15
as social writing, 14–16
style for, 288–89, 359, 660
two, to, too, 397, 758
two-
hyphens and, 10, 749
for multilingual writers, 622–23
type, 267, 268
type, kind, sort, 755
typographical errors (typos), 88, 395