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-s
apostrophe with
spelling rules
plural of abbreviations
verb ending
when to use the -s (or -es) form of a present-tense verb
sacred texts (Bible, Qur’an)
citing, APA style
in-text citation
reference list
citing, Chicago style
citing, MLA style
in-text citation
works cited list
no italics
punctuation for chapter and verse
Saddam Hussein statue
analysis of two photos
salutations and greetings, colon with
sample student writing
directory to sample student writing, by genre (type)
directory to MLA in-text citation models
directory to MLA works cited models
directory to sample student writing in MLA style
directory to APA in-text citation models
directory to APA reference list models
directory to sample student writing in APA style
directory to Chicago notes and bibliography entries
directory to sample student writing in Chicago style
directory to sample student writing in CSE style
directory to CSE reference list models
scannable résumé
sample scannable résumé
schedule
for online course
assignment calendar with due dates (online course)
personal planner (online course)
course calendar
managing time
for research essay
sample schedule for a research paper
and syllabus
scholarly sources
determining if a source is scholarly
scholarly vs. popular sources
finding sources
in bibliographies
in databases
in reviews of the literature
sciences, writing in. See also CSE documentation style
citation style
commonalities across disciplines
evidence in
evidence typically used in various disciplines
language conventions
point of view and verb tense in academic writing
questions to ask
approaching assignments in the disciplines
scientific facts, and verb tense
scientific names, in biological sciences
Scientific Style and Format: The CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers. See CSE documentation style
score, for movie, as multimodal text
scores, using numerals for
search engines
search strategy
tips for smart searching
refining keyword searches in databases and search engines
specialized online search tools
secondary sources
avoiding plagiarism with, in literature paper
in criminal justice and criminology
documenting, in literature paper
in history
literature paper using
in music
vs. primary sources
second-person point of view
checklist for global revision: point of view
shifts in
self-, hyphen with
self-assessment
in online course
qualities, skills, and tools of successful online learners
in portfolio
self-evaluation, in education
self-motivation, in online course
tips for increasing motivation in online courses
semicolons
quick help: semicolons
correcting run-ons
joining independent clauses
with lists (series)
misuses
with quotation marks
and transitional expressions
transitional phrases
sensual, sensuous
sentence fragments. See fragments
sentence purposes
sentences. See also sentence types
quick help: run-on sentences
quick help: sentence fragments
quick help: sentence structure (multilingual)
awkward
choppy
conditional
faulty predication
fragments. See fragments
fused. See run-on sentences
inverted
position of subject
in questions
sentence variety
subject-verb agreement
with there
objects in
parts of
revising and editing
run-on (fused, comma splice). See run-on sentences
subjects of
thesis. See thesis
topic
transitional
variety in
wordy
sentence structure
quick help: sentence structure (multilingual)
mixed constructions
multilingual/ESL challenges with
adjectives, placement
adverbs, placement
although, because
linking verb with subject complement
needed subject
paraphrasing
present participle vs. past participle
repetition of object or adverb
repetition of subject
there, it
simplifying
variety in
sentence types
complex
compound
compound-complex
declarative
exclamatory
imperative
interrogative
simple
series (items in a list)
commas with
parallelism
parentheses with
questions in
semicolons with
set, sit
setting of literary work
questions to ask about literature
setup. See document design; format, manuscript
sexist language
avoiding sexist language
recognizing
revising
shall, as modal
modals and their meanings
in conditional sentences
defined
shall, will
she, her, hers
she vs. her
pronoun case
subjective vs. objective case
shifts
quick help: shifts
avoiding in literature paper
indirect to direct questions
indirect to direct quotations
mood
point of view (person and number)
verb tense
voice
italics for ship names
short stories
capitalizing titles of
quotation marks for titles of
quotations from
should, as modal
modals and their meanings
in conditional sentences
defined
should of (nonstandard)
showing, not telling
sic
APA style
with brackets
Chicago style
MLA style
signal phrases
adapting for speaking
APA style
using signal phrases in APA papers
Chicago style
using signal phrases in Chicago papers
in literature papers
MLA style
using signal phrases in MLA papers
signposts, in speeches or presentations
simile
simple sentences
simple subjects
simple tenses
since
sit, set
site, cite
sketch (image)
with generic features
as multimodal image
skimming. See previewing
Skittles ad
as multimodal text
slang
slash
for lines of poetry
for paired terms
slide show
common genres of multimodal compositions
slides from a slide show presentation
creation and hosting sites
formatting, and use of white space
as multimodal composition
presentation software
in biological sciences
in business
in psychology
for a speech or presentation
tips for presentations
so
comma with
coordinating conjunction
social media
citing
APA style
Chicago style
MLA style
social sciences, writing in. See also APA papers
citation style
commonalities across disciplines
evidence in
evidence typically used in various disciplines
language conventions
point of view and verb tense in academic writing
questions to ask
approaching assignments in the disciplines
software. See also word processing programs
for video editing
for writing papers
some
somebody, someone, something
pronoun-antecedent agreement
subject-verb agreement
something (singular)
sometime, some time, sometimes
songs, quotation marks for titles
sort of, kind of
sound-alike words (homophones)
sound
analyzing
analyzing sound
audience
as background
effect on listener
features
genre
meaning
in multimodal texts
purpose
soundtrack, as multimodal text
sources
bias in
citing. See citing sources
documenting in various disciplines
electronic. See electronic sources
evaluating
evaluating all sources
evaluating sources found on the web
comparing two websites
for research process
functions of
integrating
APA papers
Chicago papers
MLA papers
introducing. See signal phrases
keeping track of
locating
note taking
primary vs. secondary
responsibility of writer. See using sources responsibly
scholarly
determining if a source is scholarly
scholarly vs. popular sources
selecting
in speech or presentation
synthesizing
APA papers
sample synthesis (APA)
MLA papers
sample synthesis (MLA)
using as support
APA papers
Chicago papers
MLA papers
visuals
sample table (Mirano; APA)
sample visual (Benjamin; Chicago)
sample visual in a paper (Harba; MLA)
crediting in APA paper
crediting in Chicago paper
crediting in MLA paper
working bibliography
writing prompt: planning with sources
writing prompt: evaluating sources you find on the web
“So what?” test
italics for spacecraft names
spacing, in document
alignment
indents
between lines
APA style
Chicago style
document design
MLA style
paragraph
tabs
speakers, and multimodal delivery
speaking activities, for improving English
activities for intensive and extensive language practice
specific nouns
specific, concrete nouns
the with
speech and presentations
adapting essays for
appeals in
using ethos, logos, and pathos as a speaker
audience for
being an audience member
body language
conclusions for
context in
delivering
introductions to
notes for
preparing
purpose of
rehearsing
remixing paper to presentation
repetition in
signal ohrases in
signposts
slides for
sources in
speaking from memory
structure
visuals and multimedia in
writing prompt: revising a presentation
writing prompt: focusing on your delivery
writing prompt: remixing a paper as an oral presentation
spell checkers
spelling. See also abbreviations; capitalization
commonly misspelled words
American vs. British
American vs. British spellings
frequently confused words
numbers
plurals
rules
words that sound alike (homophones)
split infinitives (to really enjoy)
sponsor, of web sources
checking URLs for clues about sponsorship
evaluating sources found on the web
Chicago style
MLA style
Standard English
static images, analyzing
analyzing static images
audience
features
genre
what kind of image is it?
meaning
purpose
statistics (singular)
statistics
APA papers
argument papers
Chicago papers
MLA papers
numerals for
stereotypes, avoiding
storyboard, for organizing video projects
storyboard for a multimodal project
strategies for improving your academic English
straw man fallacy
streaming of audio and video files
qualities, skills, and tools of successful online learners
style manuals, list of
styles, font
subject complements
adjectives
case of pronouns
defined
with linking verbs (be, seem, etc.)
nouns
and subject-verb agreement
subjective case, of pronouns
of personal pronouns (she, they, etc.)
who vs. whom
subject of paper. See also topic
exploring
narrowing
subject of sentence
agreement with verb
quick help: subject-verb agreement
subject-verb agreement at a glance
s form in present tense
with prepositions such as as well as, in addition to
standard subject-verb combinations
case
complete
compound
following verb
in questions
sentence variety
with there is
identifying
of infinitive
naming the actor (active voice)
naming the receiver (passive voice)
pronoun as
in questions
repeated, avoiding
required in sentences
separated from verb
simple
singular vs. plural. Seesubject-verb agreement
understood (you)
subjects, of field research
subject-verb agreement
quick help: subject-verb agreement
subject-verb agreement at a glance
when to use the -s (or -es) form of a present-tense verb
agreement with subject, not subject complement
collective nouns (like committee, jury)
company names
defined
gerund phrases (like running the race)
indefinite pronouns (anyone, none, etc.)
nouns of plural form, singular meaning (like statistics)
with prepositions such as as well as, in addition to
standard subject-verb combinations
subject after verb
subjects joined with and
subjects joined with or or nor
the number, a number
there is, there are
titles of works
units of measurement
who, which, that
words as words
words between subject and verb
subjunctive mood. See also conditional sentences
with ask, recommend, etc.
using base form of verb (be, drive)
contrary-to-fact clauses
defined
if clauses
was vs. were
with wishes
subordinate clauses (dependent clauses)
words introducing
adjective
adverb
in complex sentence
in compound-complex sentence
defined
fragments
quick help: sentence fragments
test for fragments
minor ideas in
misplaced
noun clause
repeated elements in
subordinate word groups
absolute phrases
appositive phrases
gerund phrases
infinitive phrases
participial phrases
prepositional phrases
subordinate clauses
subordinating conjunctions
list
in adverb clauses
defined
subordination
combining ideas
and coordination
for choppy sentences
for fixing run-on sentences
of major ideas, avoiding
overuse
style point: end emphasis
subtitles
capitalizing
APA style
Chicago style
general guidelines
MLA style
colon between title and subtitle
such as
and fragments
no colon after
no comma after
suffixes
suffixes and their parts of speech
hyphen before
and parts of speech
spelling rules
summaries
in annotated bibliographies
APA papers
avoiding plagiarism
signal phrases
balancing with analysis of an image or a multimodal text
balancing with analysis of a written text
Chicago (CMS) papers
avoiding plagiarism
signal phrases
of an image or a multimodal text
guidelines for writing a summary of an image or a multimodal text
summary of a multimodal text (Equal Exchange ad)
summary of a multimodal text (McDonald’s ad)
MLA papers
avoiding plagiarism
signal phrases
no quotation marks for
note taking
of written text
guidelines for writing a summary of a written text
summary of a written text
summary, executive
in business
sample executive summary, engineering (O’Bryan; USGS)
superior to (not than)
superlative form of adjectives and adverbs (with -est or most)
support. See also evidence
evidence for claims
for multimodal project
using sources for
APA papers
Chicago papers
MLA papers
suppose to (nonstandard)
sure and (nonstandard)
surveys
to gather data, in business
as information source
syllables, dividing words
in dictionary
hyphen
syllabus
sample syllabus
expectations for, in US classrooms
for online course
syllogisms
synchronous communication
tips for participating in synchronous discussions
chat discussions
purposes of
synonyms
dictionary definitions
in thesaurus
repetition with
in paraphrases
synthesizing sources
APA papers
MLA papers