NameFileManuscript
CHAPTER 4 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch04_1.html4f74b6ffb11c0f2430000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch04_1_dlap.xml4f74b6ffb11c0f2430000000
4.1 MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF PROTEINS hlw_ch04_2.html4f74b6ffb11c0f2430000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch04_2_dlap.xml4f74b6ffb11c0f2430000000
4.2 TRANSLATION: HOW PROTEINS ARE SYNTHESIZED hlw_ch04_3.html4f74b6ffb11c0f2430000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch04_3_dlap.xml4f74b6ffb11c0f2430000000
4.3 PROTEIN EVOLUTION AND THE ORIGIN OF NEW PROTEINS hlw_ch04_4.html4f74b6ffb11c0f2430000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch04_4_dlap.xml4f74b6ffb11c0f2430000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch04_5.html4f74b6ffb11c0f2430000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch04_5_dlap.xml4f74b6ffb11c0f2430000000
CHAPTER 5 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch05_1.html51197146b11c0ff106000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch05_1_dlap.xml51197146b11c0ff106000000
5.1 STRUCTURE OF CELL MEMBRANES hlw_ch05_2.html51197146b11c0ff106000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch05_2_dlap.xml51197146b11c0ff106000000
5.2 THE PLASMA MEMBRANE AND CELL WALL hlw_ch05_3.html51197146b11c0ff106000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch05_3_dlap.xml51197146b11c0ff106000000
5.3 THE INTERNAL ORGANIZATION OF CELLS hlw_ch05_4.html51197146b11c0ff106000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch05_4_dlap.xml51197146b11c0ff106000000
5.4 THE ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM hlw_ch05_5.html51197146b11c0ff106000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch05_5_dlap.xml51197146b11c0ff106000000
5.5 MITOCHONDRIA AND CHLOROPLASTS hlw_ch05_6.html51197146b11c0ff106000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch05_6_dlap.xml51197146b11c0ff106000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch05_7.html51197146b11c0ff106000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch05_7_dlap.xml51197146b11c0ff106000000
CHAPTER 3 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch03_1.html50b637bcb11c0f0c07000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch03_1_dlap.xml50b637bcb11c0f0c07000000
3.1 MAJOR BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF DNA hlw_ch03_2.html50b637bcb11c0f0c07000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch03_2_dlap.xml50b637bcb11c0f0c07000000
3.2 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF DNA hlw_ch03_3.html50b637bcb11c0f0c07000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch03_3_dlap.xml50b637bcb11c0f0c07000000
3.3 RETRIEVAL OF GENETIC INFORMATION STORED IN DNA: TRANSCRIPTION hlw_ch03_4.html50b637bcb11c0f0c07000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch03_4_dlap.xml50b637bcb11c0f0c07000000
3.4 FATE OF THE RNA PRIMARY TRANSCRIPT hlw_ch03_5.html50b637bcb11c0f0c07000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch03_5_dlap.xml50b637bcb11c0f0c07000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch03_6.html50b637bcb11c0f0c07000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch03_6_dlap.xml50b637bcb11c0f0c07000000
CHAPTER 8 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch08_1.html50b6643cb11c0f7409000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch08_1_dlap.xml50b6643cb11c0f7409000000
8.1 THE NATURAL HISTORY OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS hlw_ch08_2.html50b6643cb11c0f7409000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch08_2_dlap.xml50b6643cb11c0f7409000000
8.2 THE CALVIN CYCLE hlw_ch08_3.html50b6643cb11c0f7409000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch08_3_dlap.xml50b6643cb11c0f7409000000
8.3 CAPTURING SUNLIGHT INTO CHEMICAL FORMS hlw_ch08_4.html50b6643cb11c0f7409000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch08_4_dlap.xml50b6643cb11c0f7409000000
8.4 CHALLENGES TO PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY hlw_ch08_5.html50b6643cb11c0f7409000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch08_5_dlap.xml50b6643cb11c0f7409000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch08_6.html50b6643cb11c0f7409000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch08_6_dlap.xml50b6643cb11c0f7409000000
CHAPTER 11 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch11_1.html50b79c5db11c0fdd12000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch11_1_dlap.xml50b79c5db11c0fdd12000000
11.1 CELL DIVISION hlw_ch11_2.html50b79c5db11c0fdd12000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch11_2_dlap.xml50b79c5db11c0fdd12000000
11.2 MITOTIC CELL DIVISION hlw_ch11_3.html50b79c5db11c0fdd12000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch11_3_dlap.xml50b79c5db11c0fdd12000000
11.3 MEIOTIC CELL DIVISION hlw_ch11_4.html50b79c5db11c0fdd12000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch11_4_dlap.xml50b79c5db11c0fdd12000000
11.4 REGULATION OF THE CELL CYCLE hlw_ch11_5.html50b79c5db11c0fdd12000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch11_5_dlap.xml50b79c5db11c0fdd12000000
11.5 What genes are involved in cancer? hlw_ch11_6.html50b79c5db11c0fdd12000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch11_6_dlap.xml50b79c5db11c0fdd12000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch11_7.html50b79c5db11c0fdd12000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch11_7_dlap.xml50b79c5db11c0fdd12000000
CHAPTER 22 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch22_1.html50b7d4aab11c0fc915000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch22_1_dlap.xml50b7d4aab11c0fc915000000
22.1 THE BIOLOGICAL SPECIES CONCEPT hlw_ch22_2.html50b7d4aab11c0fc915000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch22_2_dlap.xml50b7d4aab11c0fc915000000
22.2 REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION hlw_ch22_3.html50b7d4aab11c0fc915000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch22_3_dlap.xml50b7d4aab11c0fc915000000
22.3 SPECIATION hlw_ch22_4.html50b7d4aab11c0fc915000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch22_4_dlap.xml50b7d4aab11c0fc915000000
22.4 SPECIATION AND SELECTION hlw_ch22_5.html50b7d4aab11c0fc915000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch22_5_dlap.xml50b7d4aab11c0fc915000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch22_6.html50b7d4aab11c0fc915000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch22_6_dlap.xml50b7d4aab11c0fc915000000
CHAPTER 25 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch25_1.html50b7f32db11c0f7716000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch25_1_dlap.xml50b7f32db11c0f7716000000
25.1 THE SHORT-TERM CARBON CYCLE hlw_ch25_2.html50b7f32db11c0f7716000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch25_2_dlap.xml50b7f32db11c0f7716000000
25.2 THE LONG-TERM CARBON CYCLE hlw_ch25_3.html50b7f32db11c0f7716000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch25_3_dlap.xml50b7f32db11c0f7716000000
25.3 THE CARBON CYCLE, ECOLOGY, AND EVOLUTION hlw_ch25_4.html50b7f32db11c0f7716000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch25_4_dlap.xml50b7f32db11c0f7716000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch25_5.html50b7f32db11c0f7716000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch25_5_dlap.xml50b7f32db11c0f7716000000
CHAPTER 26 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch26_1.html50b7fc6fb11c0f7716000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch26_1_dlap.xml50b7fc6fb11c0f7716000001
26.1 TWO PROKARYOTIC DOMAINS hlw_ch26_2.html50b7fc6fb11c0f7716000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch26_2_dlap.xml50b7fc6fb11c0f7716000001
26.2 AN EXPANDED CARBON CYCLE hlw_ch26_3.html50b7fc6fb11c0f7716000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch26_3_dlap.xml50b7fc6fb11c0f7716000001
26.3 OTHER BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES hlw_ch26_4.html50b7fc6fb11c0f7716000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch26_4_dlap.xml50b7fc6fb11c0f7716000001
26.4 THE DIVERSITY OF BACTERIA hlw_ch26_5.html50b7fc6fb11c0f7716000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch26_5_dlap.xml50b7fc6fb11c0f7716000001
26.5 THE DIVERSITY OF ARCHAEA hlw_ch26_6.html50b7fc6fb11c0f7716000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch26_6_dlap.xml50b7fc6fb11c0f7716000001
26.6 THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF PROKARYOTES hlw_ch26_7.html50b7fc6fb11c0f7716000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch26_7_dlap.xml50b7fc6fb11c0f7716000001
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch26_8.html50b7fc6fb11c0f7716000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch26_8_dlap.xml50b7fc6fb11c0f7716000001
CHAPTER 16 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch16_1.html50b7bec8b11c0f3a15000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch16_1_dlap.xml50b7bec8b11c0f3a15000000
16.1 EARLY THEORIES OF INHERITANCE hlw_ch16_2.html50b7bec8b11c0f3a15000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch16_2_dlap.xml50b7bec8b11c0f3a15000000
16.2 THE FOUNDATIONS OF MODERN TRANSMISSION GENETICS hlw_ch16_3.html50b7bec8b11c0f3a15000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch16_3_dlap.xml50b7bec8b11c0f3a15000000
16.3 SEGREGATION: MENDEL’S KEY DISCOVERY hlw_ch16_4.html50b7bec8b11c0f3a15000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch16_4_dlap.xml50b7bec8b11c0f3a15000000
16.4 INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT hlw_ch16_5.html50b7bec8b11c0f3a15000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch16_5_dlap.xml50b7bec8b11c0f3a15000000
16.5 PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE OBSERVED IN FAMILY HISTORIES hlw_ch16_6.html50b7bec8b11c0f3a15000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch16_6_dlap.xml50b7bec8b11c0f3a15000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch16_7.html50b7bec8b11c0f3a15000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch16_7_dlap.xml50b7bec8b11c0f3a15000000
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch01_1.html512e9db6b11c0f3b51000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch01_1_dlap.xml512e9db6b11c0f3b51000000
1.1 THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD hlw_ch01_2.html512e9db6b11c0f3b51000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch01_2_dlap.xml512e9db6b11c0f3b51000000
1.2 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES hlw_ch01_3.html512e9db6b11c0f3b51000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch01_3_dlap.xml512e9db6b11c0f3b51000000
1.3 THE CELL hlw_ch01_4.html512e9db6b11c0f3b51000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch01_4_dlap.xml512e9db6b11c0f3b51000000
1.4 EVOLUTION hlw_ch01_5.html512e9db6b11c0f3b51000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch01_5_dlap.xml512e9db6b11c0f3b51000000
1.5 ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS hlw_ch01_6.html512e9db6b11c0f3b51000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch01_6_dlap.xml512e9db6b11c0f3b51000000
1.6 THE HUMAN FOOTPRINT hlw_ch01_7.html512e9db6b11c0f3b51000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch01_7_dlap.xml512e9db6b11c0f3b51000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch01_8.html512e9db6b11c0f3b51000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch01_8_dlap.xml512e9db6b11c0f3b51000000
Chapter 1. CASE 1: THE FIRST CELL: LIFE'S ORIGINS hlw_case01.html51353c0eb11c0fca17000000
DLAP questionshlw_case01_dlap.xml51353c0eb11c0fca17000000
Chapter 2. CASE 2: CANCER: WHEN GOOD CELLS GO BAD hlw_case02.html5135454ab11c0fb717000000
DLAP questionshlw_case02_dlap.xml5135454ab11c0fb717000000
Chapter 3. CASE 3: YOU, FROM A TO T YOUR PERSONAL GENOME hlw_case03.html51369019b11c0f6d27000000
DLAP questionshlw_case03_dlap.xml51369019b11c0f6d27000000
Chapter 5. CASE 5: THE HUMAN MICROBIOME: DIVERSITY WITHIN hlw_case05.html51369a59b11c0f1e28000000
DLAP questionshlw_case05_dlap.xml51369a59b11c0f1e28000000
Chapter 6. CASE 6: AGRICULTURE: FEEDING A GROWING POPULATION hlw_case06.html51369e53b11c0f1928000000
DLAP questionshlw_case06_dlap.xml51369e53b11c0f1928000000
Chapter 8. CASE 8: BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS: RAIN FORESTS AND CORAL REEFS hlw_case08.html5137e0a5b11c0f2637000000
DLAP questionshlw_case08_dlap.xml5137e0a5b11c0f2637000000
CHAPTER 46 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch46_1.html5108402cb11c0fa107000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch46_1_dlap.xml5108402cb11c0fa107000000
46.1 POPULATIONS AND THEIR PROPERTIES hlw_ch46_2.html5108402cb11c0fa107000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch46_2_dlap.xml5108402cb11c0fa107000000
46.2 AGE-STRUCTURED POPULATION GROWTH hlw_ch46_3.html5108402cb11c0fa107000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch46_3_dlap.xml5108402cb11c0fa107000000
46.3 METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS hlw_ch46_4.html5108402cb11c0fa107000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch46_4_dlap.xml5108402cb11c0fa107000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch46_5.html5108402cb11c0fa107000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch46_5_dlap.xml5108402cb11c0fa107000000
CHAPTER 43 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch43_1.html511acd0eb11c0f0d1e000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch43_1_dlap.xml511acd0eb11c0f0d1e000000
43.1 INNATE IMMUNITY hlw_ch43_2.html511acd0eb11c0f0d1e000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch43_2_dlap.xml511acd0eb11c0f0d1e000000
43.2 ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY: B CELLS, ANTIBODIES, AND HUMORAL IMMUNITY hlw_ch43_3.html511acd0eb11c0f0d1e000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch43_3_dlap.xml511acd0eb11c0f0d1e000000
43.3 ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY: T CELLS AND CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY hlw_ch43_4.html511acd0eb11c0f0d1e000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch43_4_dlap.xml511acd0eb11c0f0d1e000000
43.4 THREE INFECTIONS: A VIRUS, BACTERIUM, AND EUKARYOTE hlw_ch43_5.html511acd0eb11c0f0d1e000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch43_5_dlap.xml511acd0eb11c0f0d1e000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch43_6.html511acd0eb11c0f0d1e000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch43_6_dlap.xml511acd0eb11c0f0d1e000000
CHAPTER 6 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch06_1.html511d7c80b11c0f8c38000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch06_1_dlap.xml511d7c80b11c0f8c38000000
6.1 AN OVERVIEW OF METABOLISM hlw_ch06_2.html511d7c80b11c0f8c38000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch06_2_dlap.xml511d7c80b11c0f8c38000000
6.2 ENERGY hlw_ch06_3.html511d7c80b11c0f8c38000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch06_3_dlap.xml511d7c80b11c0f8c38000000
6.3 THE LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS hlw_ch06_4.html511d7c80b11c0f8c38000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch06_4_dlap.xml511d7c80b11c0f8c38000000
6.4 CHEMICAL REACTIONS hlw_ch06_5.html511d7c80b11c0f8c38000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch06_5_dlap.xml511d7c80b11c0f8c38000000
6.5 ENZYMES AND THE RATE OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS hlw_ch06_6.html511d7c80b11c0f8c38000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch06_6_dlap.xml511d7c80b11c0f8c38000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch06_7.html511d7c80b11c0f8c38000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch06_7_dlap.xml511d7c80b11c0f8c38000000
CHAPTER 44 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch44_1.html50ad838ab11c0f4a67000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch44_1_dlap.xml50ad838ab11c0f4a67000000
44.1 A TREE OF LIFE FOR MORE THAN A MILLION ANIMAL SPECIES hlw_ch44_2.html50ad838ab11c0f4a67000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch44_2_dlap.xml50ad838ab11c0f4a67000000
44.2 THE SIMPLEST ANIMALS: SPONGES, CNIDARIANS, CTENOPHORES, AND PLACOZOANS hlw_ch44_3.html50ad838ab11c0f4a67000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch44_3_dlap.xml50ad838ab11c0f4a67000000
44.3 BILATERIAN ANIMALS hlw_ch44_4.html50ad838ab11c0f4a67000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch44_4_dlap.xml50ad838ab11c0f4a67000000
44.4 VERTEBRATE DIVERSITY hlw_ch44_5.html50ad838ab11c0f4a67000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch44_5_dlap.xml50ad838ab11c0f4a67000000
44.5 THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF ANIMALS hlw_ch44_6.html50ad838ab11c0f4a67000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch44_6_dlap.xml50ad838ab11c0f4a67000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch44_7.html50ad838ab11c0f4a67000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch44_7_dlap.xml50ad838ab11c0f4a67000000
CHAPTER 7 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch07_1.html5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch07_1_dlap.xml5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
7.1 AN OVERVIEW OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION hlw_ch07_2.html5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch07_2_dlap.xml5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
7.2 GLYCOLYSIS: THE SPLITTING OF SUGAR hlw_ch07_3.html5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch07_3_dlap.xml5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
7.3 ACETYL-CoA SYNTHESIS hlw_ch07_4.html5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch07_4_dlap.xml5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
7.4 THE CITRIC ACID CYCLE hlw_ch07_5.html5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch07_5_dlap.xml5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
7.5 THE ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN AND OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION hlw_ch07_6.html5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch07_6_dlap.xml5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
7.6 ANAEROBIC METABOLISM AND THE EVOLUTION OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION hlw_ch07_7.html5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch07_7_dlap.xml5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
7.7 METABOLIC INTEGRATION hlw_ch07_8.html5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch07_8_dlap.xml5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch07_9.html5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch07_9_dlap.xml5126c23fb11c0f247d000000
CHAPTER 9 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch09_1.html512c089db11c0f972b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch09_1_dlap.xml512c089db11c0f972b000000
9.1 PRINCIPLES OF CELL COMMUNICATION hlw_ch09_2.html512c089db11c0f972b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch09_2_dlap.xml512c089db11c0f972b000000
9.2 TYPES OF CELL SIGNALING hlw_ch09_3.html512c089db11c0f972b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch09_3_dlap.xml512c089db11c0f972b000000
9.3 RECEPTORS AND RECEPTOR ACTIVATION hlw_ch09_4.html512c089db11c0f972b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch09_4_dlap.xml512c089db11c0f972b000000
9.4 SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION, RESPONSE, AND TERMINATION hlw_ch09_5.html512c089db11c0f972b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch09_5_dlap.xml512c089db11c0f972b000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch09_6.html512c089db11c0f972b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch09_6_dlap.xml512c089db11c0f972b000000
CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch02_1.html512fea2fb11c0ff565000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_1_dlap.xml512fea2fb11c0ff565000000
2.1 PROPERTIES OF ATOMS hlw_ch02_2.html512fea2fb11c0ff565000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_2_dlap.xml512fea2fb11c0ff565000000
2.2 MOLECULES AND CHEMICAL BONDS hlw_ch02_3.html512fea2fb11c0ff565000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_3_dlap.xml512fea2fb11c0ff565000000
2.3 WATER: THE MEDIUM OF LIFE hlw_ch02_4.html512fea2fb11c0ff565000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_4_dlap.xml512fea2fb11c0ff565000000
2.4 CARBON: LIFE’S CHEMICAL BACKBONE hlw_ch02_5.html512fea2fb11c0ff565000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_5_dlap.xml512fea2fb11c0ff565000000
2.5 ORGANIC MOLECULES hlw_ch02_6.html512fea2fb11c0ff565000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_6_dlap.xml512fea2fb11c0ff565000000
2.6 HOW DID THE MOLECULES OF LIFE FORM? hlw_ch02_7.html512fea2fb11c0ff565000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_7_dlap.xml512fea2fb11c0ff565000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch02_8.html512fea2fb11c0ff565000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_8_dlap.xml512fea2fb11c0ff565000000
CHAPTER 10 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch10_1.html5132371bb11c0fe47a000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch10_1_dlap.xml5132371bb11c0fe47a000000
10.1 TISSUES AND ORGANS hlw_ch10_2.html5132371bb11c0fe47a000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch10_2_dlap.xml5132371bb11c0fe47a000000
10.2 THE CYTOSKELETON hlw_ch10_3.html5132371bb11c0fe47a000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch10_3_dlap.xml5132371bb11c0fe47a000000
10.3 CELLULAR MOVEMENT hlw_ch10_4.html5132371bb11c0fe47a000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch10_4_dlap.xml5132371bb11c0fe47a000000
10.4 CELL ADHESION hlw_ch10_5.html5132371bb11c0fe47a000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch10_5_dlap.xml5132371bb11c0fe47a000000
10.5 THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX hlw_ch10_6.html5132371bb11c0fe47a000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch10_6_dlap.xml5132371bb11c0fe47a000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch10_7.html5132371bb11c0fe47a000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch10_7_dlap.xml5132371bb11c0fe47a000000
CHAPTER 12 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch12_1.html5132ca64b11c0fae7e000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch12_1_dlap.xml5132ca64b11c0fae7e000000
12.1 DNA REPLICATION hlw_ch12_2.html5132ca64b11c0fae7e000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch12_2_dlap.xml5132ca64b11c0fae7e000000
12.2 REPLICATION OF CHROMOSOMES hlw_ch12_3.html5132ca64b11c0fae7e000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch12_3_dlap.xml5132ca64b11c0fae7e000000
12.3 ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION, AND SEQUENCING OF DNA FRAGMENTS hlw_ch12_4.html5132ca64b11c0fae7e000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch12_4_dlap.xml5132ca64b11c0fae7e000000
12.4 RECOMBINANT DNA AND GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS hlw_ch12_5.html5132ca64b11c0fae7e000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch12_5_dlap.xml5132ca64b11c0fae7e000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch12_6.html5132ca64b11c0fae7e000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch12_6_dlap.xml5132ca64b11c0fae7e000000
CHAPTER 13 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch13_1.html51354b04b11c0fd717000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch13_1_dlap.xml51354b04b11c0fd717000000
13.1 GENOME SEQUENCING hlw_ch13_2.html51354b04b11c0fd717000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch13_2_dlap.xml51354b04b11c0fd717000000
13.2 GENOME ANNOTATION hlw_ch13_3.html51354b04b11c0fd717000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch13_3_dlap.xml51354b04b11c0fd717000000
13.3 GENE NUMBER, GENOME SIZE, AND ORGANISMAL COMPLEXITY hlw_ch13_4.html51354b04b11c0fd717000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch13_4_dlap.xml51354b04b11c0fd717000000
13.4 ORGANIZATION OF GENOMES hlw_ch13_5.html51354b04b11c0fd717000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch13_5_dlap.xml51354b04b11c0fd717000000
13.5 VIRUSES AND VIRAL GENOMES hlw_ch13_6.html51354b04b11c0fd717000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch13_6_dlap.xml51354b04b11c0fd717000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch13_7.html51354b04b11c0fd717000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch13_7_dlap.xml51354b04b11c0fd717000000
Chapter 4. CASE 4: MALARIA: CO-EVOLUTION OF HUMANS AND A PARASITE hlw_case04.html51369809b11c0fc927000000
DLAP questionshlw_case04_dlap.xml51369809b11c0fc927000000
Chapter 7. CASE 7: PREDATOR-PREY: A GAME OF LIFE AND DEATH hlw_case07.html5137da32b11c0f9536000000
DLAP questionshlw_case07_dlap.xml5137da32b11c0f9536000000
CHAPTER 14 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch14_1.html513931e5b11c0f4448000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch14_1_dlap.xml513931e5b11c0f4448000000
14.1 THE RATE AND NATURE OF MUTATIONS hlw_ch14_2.html513931e5b11c0f4448000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch14_2_dlap.xml513931e5b11c0f4448000000
14.2 SMALL-SCALE MUTATIONS hlw_ch14_3.html513931e5b11c0f4448000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch14_3_dlap.xml513931e5b11c0f4448000000
14.3 CHROMOSOMAL MUTATIONS hlw_ch14_4.html513931e5b11c0f4448000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch14_4_dlap.xml513931e5b11c0f4448000000
14.4 DNA DAMAGE AND REPAIR hlw_ch14_5.html513931e5b11c0f4448000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch14_5_dlap.xml513931e5b11c0f4448000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch14_6.html513931e5b11c0f4448000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch14_6_dlap.xml513931e5b11c0f4448000000
CHAPTER 15 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch15_1.html513940a6b11c0f1f49000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch15_1_dlap.xml513940a6b11c0f1f49000000
15.1 GENOTYPE AND PHENOTYPE hlw_ch15_2.html513940a6b11c0f1f49000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch15_2_dlap.xml513940a6b11c0f1f49000000
15.2 GENETIC VARIATION AND INDIVIDUAL UNIQUENESS hlw_ch15_3.html513940a6b11c0f1f49000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch15_3_dlap.xml513940a6b11c0f1f49000000
15.3 GENOMEWIDE STUDIES OF GENETIC VARIATION hlw_ch15_4.html513940a6b11c0f1f49000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch15_4_dlap.xml513940a6b11c0f1f49000000
15.4 GENETIC VARIATION IN CHROMOSOMES hlw_ch15_5.html513940a6b11c0f1f49000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch15_5_dlap.xml513940a6b11c0f1f49000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch15_6.html513940a6b11c0f1f49000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch15_6_dlap.xml513940a6b11c0f1f49000000
CHAPTER 45 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch45_1.html513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch45_1_dlap.xml513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
45.1 TINBERGEN’S QUESTIONS hlw_ch45_2.html513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch45_2_dlap.xml513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
45.2 GENES AND BEHAVIOR hlw_ch45_3.html513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch45_3_dlap.xml513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
45.3 LEARNING hlw_ch45_4.html513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch45_4_dlap.xml513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
45.4 ORIENTATION, NAVIGATION, AND BIOLOGICAL CLOCKS hlw_ch45_5.html513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch45_5_dlap.xml513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
45.5 COMMUNICATION hlw_ch45_6.html513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch45_6_dlap.xml513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
45.6 SOCIAL BEHAVIOR hlw_ch45_7.html513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch45_7_dlap.xml513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
45.7 BEHAVIOR AND SEXUAL SELECTION hlw_ch45_8.html513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch45_8_dlap.xml513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch45_9.html513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch45_9_dlap.xml513e3dabb11c0f1171000000
CHAPTER 18 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch18_1.html513e8237b11c0fa574000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch18_1_dlap.xml513e8237b11c0fa574000000
18.1 HEREDITY AND ENVIRONMENT hlw_ch18_2.html513e8237b11c0fa574000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch18_2_dlap.xml513e8237b11c0fa574000000
18.2 RESEMBLANCE AMONG RELATIVES hlw_ch18_3.html513e8237b11c0fa574000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch18_3_dlap.xml513e8237b11c0fa574000000
18.3 TWIN STUDIES hlw_ch18_4.html513e8237b11c0fa574000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch18_4_dlap.xml513e8237b11c0fa574000000
18.4 COMPLEX TRAITS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE hlw_ch18_5.html513e8237b11c0fa574000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch18_5_dlap.xml513e8237b11c0fa574000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch18_6.html513e8237b11c0fa574000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch18_6_dlap.xml513e8237b11c0fa574000000
CHAPTER 17 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch17_1.html513e6393b11c0fa773000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch17_1_dlap.xml513e6393b11c0fa773000000
17.1 THE X AND Y SEX CHROMOSOMES hlw_ch17_2.html513e6393b11c0fa773000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch17_2_dlap.xml513e6393b11c0fa773000000
17.2 INHERITANCE OF GENES IN THE X CHROMOSOME hlw_ch17_3.html513e6393b11c0fa773000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch17_3_dlap.xml513e6393b11c0fa773000000
17.3 GENETIC LINKAGE AND RECOMBINATION hlw_ch17_4.html513e6393b11c0fa773000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch17_4_dlap.xml513e6393b11c0fa773000000
17.4 INHERITANCE OF GENES IN THE Y CHROMOSOME hlw_ch17_5.html513e6393b11c0fa773000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch17_5_dlap.xml513e6393b11c0fa773000000
17.5 INHERITANCE OF MITOCHONDRIAL AND CHLOROPLAST DNA hlw_ch17_6.html513e6393b11c0fa773000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch17_6_dlap.xml513e6393b11c0fa773000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch17_7.html513e6393b11c0fa773000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch17_7_dlap.xml513e6393b11c0fa773000000
CHAPTER 19 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch19_1.html513fb0e1b11c0f0708000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch19_1_dlap.xml513fb0e1b11c0f0708000000
19.1 CHROMATIN TO MESSENGER RNA IN EUKARYOTES hlw_ch19_2.html513fb0e1b11c0f0708000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch19_2_dlap.xml513fb0e1b11c0f0708000000
19.2 MESSENGER RNA TO PHENOTYPE IN EUKARYOTES hlw_ch19_3.html513fb0e1b11c0f0708000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch19_3_dlap.xml513fb0e1b11c0f0708000000
19.3 TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION IN PROKARYOTES hlw_ch19_4.html513fb0e1b11c0f0708000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch19_4_dlap.xml513fb0e1b11c0f0708000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch19_5.html513fb0e1b11c0f0708000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch19_5_dlap.xml513fb0e1b11c0f0708000000
CHAPTER 20 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch20_1.html513fc986b11c0fdb09000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch20_1_dlap.xml513fc986b11c0fdb09000000
20.1 GENETIC PROGRAMS OF DEVELOPMENT hlw_ch20_2.html513fc986b11c0fdb09000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch20_2_dlap.xml513fc986b11c0fdb09000000
20.2 HIERARCHICAL CONTROL OF DEVELOPMENT hlw_ch20_3.html513fc986b11c0fdb09000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch20_3_dlap.xml513fc986b11c0fdb09000000
20.3 EVOLUTIONARY CONSERVATION OF KEY TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS IN DEVELOPMENT hlw_ch20_4.html513fc986b11c0fdb09000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch20_4_dlap.xml513fc986b11c0fdb09000000
20.4 COMBINATORIAL CONTROL IN DEVELOPMENT hlw_ch20_5.html513fc986b11c0fdb09000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch20_5_dlap.xml513fc986b11c0fdb09000000
20.5 CELL SIGNALING IN DEVELOPMENT hlw_ch20_6.html513fc986b11c0fdb09000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch20_6_dlap.xml513fc986b11c0fdb09000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch20_7.html513fc986b11c0fdb09000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch20_7_dlap.xml513fc986b11c0fdb09000000
CHAPTER 21 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch21_1.html514134ecb11c0fb41a000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch21_1_dlap.xml514134ecb11c0fb41a000000
21.1 GENETIC VARIATION hlw_ch21_2.html514134ecb11c0fb41a000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch21_2_dlap.xml514134ecb11c0fb41a000000
21.2 MEASURING GENETIC VARIATION hlw_ch21_3.html514134ecb11c0fb41a000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch21_3_dlap.xml514134ecb11c0fb41a000000
21.3 EVOLUTION AND THE HARDY–WEINBERG EQUILIBRIUM hlw_ch21_4.html514134ecb11c0fb41a000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch21_4_dlap.xml514134ecb11c0fb41a000000
21.4 NATURAL SELECTION hlw_ch21_5.html514134ecb11c0fb41a000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch21_5_dlap.xml514134ecb11c0fb41a000000
21.5 MIGRATION, MUTATION, AND GENETIC DRIFT hlw_ch21_6.html514134ecb11c0fb41a000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch21_6_dlap.xml514134ecb11c0fb41a000000
21.6 MOLECULAR EVOLUTION hlw_ch21_7.html514134ecb11c0fb41a000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch21_7_dlap.xml514134ecb11c0fb41a000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch21_8.html514134ecb11c0fb41a000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch21_8_dlap.xml514134ecb11c0fb41a000000
CHAPTER 47 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch47_1.html51413563b11c0fe61a000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch47_1_dlap.xml51413563b11c0fe61a000001
47.1 THE NICHE hlw_ch47_2.html51413563b11c0fe61a000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch47_2_dlap.xml51413563b11c0fe61a000001
47.2 ANTAGONISTIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SPECIES hlw_ch47_3.html51413563b11c0fe61a000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch47_3_dlap.xml51413563b11c0fe61a000001
47.3 MUTUALISTIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SPECIES hlw_ch47_4.html51413563b11c0fe61a000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch47_4_dlap.xml51413563b11c0fe61a000001
47.4 ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES hlw_ch47_5.html51413563b11c0fe61a000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch47_5_dlap.xml51413563b11c0fe61a000001
47.5 ECOSYSTEMS hlw_ch47_6.html51413563b11c0fe61a000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch47_6_dlap.xml51413563b11c0fe61a000001
47.6 BIOMES AND DIVERSITY GRADIENTS hlw_ch47_7.html51413563b11c0fe61a000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch47_7_dlap.xml51413563b11c0fe61a000001
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch47_8.html51413563b11c0fe61a000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch47_8_dlap.xml51413563b11c0fe61a000001
CHAPTER 48 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch48_1.html51423399b11c0fdf25000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch48_1_dlap.xml51423399b11c0fdf25000000
48.1 THE ANTHROPOCENE PERIOD hlw_ch48_2.html51423399b11c0fdf25000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch48_2_dlap.xml51423399b11c0fdf25000000
48.2 HUMAN INFLUENCE ON THE CARBON CYCLE hlw_ch48_3.html51423399b11c0fdf25000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch48_3_dlap.xml51423399b11c0fdf25000000
48.3 HUMAN INFLUENCE ON THE NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS CYCLES hlw_ch48_4.html51423399b11c0fdf25000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch48_4_dlap.xml51423399b11c0fdf25000000
48.4 HUMAN INFLUENCE ON EVOLUTION hlw_ch48_5.html51423399b11c0fdf25000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch48_5_dlap.xml51423399b11c0fdf25000000
48.5 SCIENTISTS AND CITIZENS IN THE 21st CENTURY hlw_ch48_6.html51423399b11c0fdf25000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch48_6_dlap.xml51423399b11c0fdf25000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch48_7.html51423399b11c0fdf25000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch48_7_dlap.xml51423399b11c0fdf25000000
CHAPTER 23 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch23_1.html514731a4b11c0f8a55000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch23_1_dlap.xml514731a4b11c0f8a55000000
23.1 READING A PHYLOGENETIC TREE hlw_ch23_2.html514731a4b11c0f8a55000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch23_2_dlap.xml514731a4b11c0f8a55000000
23.2 BUILDING A PHYLOGENETIC TREE hlw_ch23_3.html514731a4b11c0f8a55000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch23_3_dlap.xml514731a4b11c0f8a55000000
23.3 THE FOSSIL RECORD hlw_ch23_4.html514731a4b11c0f8a55000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch23_4_dlap.xml514731a4b11c0f8a55000000
23.4 COMPARING EVOLUTION’S TWO GREAT PATTERNS hlw_ch23_5.html514731a4b11c0f8a55000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch23_5_dlap.xml514731a4b11c0f8a55000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch23_6.html514731a4b11c0f8a55000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch23_6_dlap.xml514731a4b11c0f8a55000000
CHAPTER 24 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch24_1.html5148ccf7b11c0fb67d000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch24_1_dlap.xml5148ccf7b11c0fb67d000001
24.1 THE GREAT APES hlw_ch24_2.html5148ccf7b11c0fb67d000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch24_2_dlap.xml5148ccf7b11c0fb67d000001
24.2 AFRICAN ORIGINS hlw_ch24_3.html5148ccf7b11c0fb67d000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch24_3_dlap.xml5148ccf7b11c0fb67d000001
24.3 DISTINCT FEATURES OF OUR SPECIES hlw_ch24_4.html5148ccf7b11c0fb67d000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch24_4_dlap.xml5148ccf7b11c0fb67d000001
24.4 HUMAN GENETIC VARIATION hlw_ch24_5.html5148ccf7b11c0fb67d000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch24_5_dlap.xml5148ccf7b11c0fb67d000001
24.5 CULTURE, LANGUAGE, AND CONSCIOUSNESS hlw_ch24_6.html5148ccf7b11c0fb67d000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch24_6_dlap.xml5148ccf7b11c0fb67d000001
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch24_7.html5148ccf7b11c0fb67d000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch24_7_dlap.xml5148ccf7b11c0fb67d000001
CHAPTER 27 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch27_1.html51492b79b11c0f5e06000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch27_1_dlap.xml51492b79b11c0f5e06000000
27.1 THE EUKARYOTIC CELL: A REVIEW hlw_ch27_2.html51492b79b11c0f5e06000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch27_2_dlap.xml51492b79b11c0f5e06000000
27.2 EUKARYOTIC ORIGINS hlw_ch27_3.html51492b79b11c0f5e06000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch27_3_dlap.xml51492b79b11c0f5e06000000
27.3 EUKARYOTIC DIVERSITY hlw_ch27_4.html51492b79b11c0f5e06000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch27_4_dlap.xml51492b79b11c0f5e06000000
27.4 THE FOSSIL RECORD OF PROTISTS hlw_ch27_5.html51492b79b11c0f5e06000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch27_5_dlap.xml51492b79b11c0f5e06000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch27_6.html51492b79b11c0f5e06000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch27_6_dlap.xml51492b79b11c0f5e06000000
CHAPTER 28 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch28_1.html5149eafbb11c0f4a0c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch28_1_dlap.xml5149eafbb11c0f4a0c000000
28.1 THE PHYLOGENETIC DISTRIBUTION OF MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS hlw_ch28_2.html5149eafbb11c0f4a0c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch28_2_dlap.xml5149eafbb11c0f4a0c000000
28.2 DIFFUSION VS. BULK TRANSPORT hlw_ch28_3.html5149eafbb11c0f4a0c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch28_3_dlap.xml5149eafbb11c0f4a0c000000
28.3 HOW TO BUILD A MULTICELLULAR ORGANISM hlw_ch28_4.html5149eafbb11c0f4a0c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch28_4_dlap.xml5149eafbb11c0f4a0c000000
28.4 VARIATIONS ON A THEME: PLANTS VS. ANIMALS hlw_ch28_5.html5149eafbb11c0f4a0c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch28_5_dlap.xml5149eafbb11c0f4a0c000000
28.5 THE EVOLUTION OF COMPLEX MULTICELLULARITY hlw_ch28_6.html5149eafbb11c0f4a0c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch28_6_dlap.xml5149eafbb11c0f4a0c000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch28_7.html5149eafbb11c0f4a0c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch28_7_dlap.xml5149eafbb11c0f4a0c000000
CHAPTER 29 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch29_1.html515105d9b11c0f475c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch29_1_dlap.xml515105d9b11c0f475c000000
29.1 PLANT STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: AN EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE hlw_ch29_2.html515105d9b11c0f475c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch29_2_dlap.xml515105d9b11c0f475c000000
29.2 THE LEAF: ACQUIRING CO₂ WHILE AVOIDING DESSICATION hlw_ch29_3.html515105d9b11c0f475c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch29_3_dlap.xml515105d9b11c0f475c000000
29.3 THE STEM: TRANSPORT OF WATER THROUGH XYLEM hlw_ch29_4.html515105d9b11c0f475c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch29_4_dlap.xml515105d9b11c0f475c000000
29.4 THE STEM: TRANSPORT OF CARBOHYDRATES THROUGH PHLOEM hlw_ch29_5.html515105d9b11c0f475c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch29_5_dlap.xml515105d9b11c0f475c000000
29.5 THE ROOT: UPTAKE OF WATER AND NUTRIENTS FROM THE SOIL hlw_ch29_6.html515105d9b11c0f475c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch29_6_dlap.xml515105d9b11c0f475c000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch29_7.html515105d9b11c0f475c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch29_7_dlap.xml515105d9b11c0f475c000000
CHAPTER 30 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch30_1.html51525bceb11c0f9d6c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch30_1_dlap.xml51525bceb11c0f9d6c000000
30.1 THE PLANT LIFE CYCLE AND EVOLUTION OF POLLEN AND SEEDS hlw_ch30_2.html51525bceb11c0f9d6c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch30_2_dlap.xml51525bceb11c0f9d6c000000
30.2 FLOWERING PLANTS hlw_ch30_3.html51525bceb11c0f9d6c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch30_3_dlap.xml51525bceb11c0f9d6c000000
30.3 TIMING OF REPRODUCTIVE EVENTS hlw_ch30_4.html51525bceb11c0f9d6c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch30_4_dlap.xml51525bceb11c0f9d6c000000
30.4 VEGETATIVE REPRODUCTION hlw_ch30_5.html51525bceb11c0f9d6c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch30_5_dlap.xml51525bceb11c0f9d6c000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch30_6.html51525bceb11c0f9d6c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch30_6_dlap.xml51525bceb11c0f9d6c000000
CHAPTER 31 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch31_1.html51530572b11c0fa470000007
DLAP questionshlw_ch31_1_dlap.xml51530572b11c0fa470000007
31.1 SHOOT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT hlw_ch31_2.html51530572b11c0fa470000007
DLAP questionshlw_ch31_2_dlap.xml51530572b11c0fa470000007
31.2 PLANT HORMONES hlw_ch31_3.html51530572b11c0fa470000007
DLAP questionshlw_ch31_3_dlap.xml51530572b11c0fa470000007
31.3 SECONDARY GROWTH hlw_ch31_4.html51530572b11c0fa470000007
DLAP questionshlw_ch31_4_dlap.xml51530572b11c0fa470000007
31.4 ROOT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT hlw_ch31_5.html51530572b11c0fa470000007
DLAP questionshlw_ch31_5_dlap.xml51530572b11c0fa470000007
31.5 THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT hlw_ch31_6.html51530572b11c0fa470000007
DLAP questionshlw_ch31_6_dlap.xml51530572b11c0fa470000007
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch31_7.html51530572b11c0fa470000007
DLAP questionshlw_ch31_7_dlap.xml51530572b11c0fa470000007
CHAPTER 32 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch32_1.html51538849b11c0f757b000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch32_1_dlap.xml51538849b11c0f757b000001
32.1 PROTECTION AGAINST PATHOGENS hlw_ch32_2.html51538849b11c0f757b000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch32_2_dlap.xml51538849b11c0f757b000001
32.2 DEFENSE AGAINST HERBIVORES hlw_ch32_3.html51538849b11c0f757b000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch32_3_dlap.xml51538849b11c0f757b000001
32.3 ALLOCATING RESOURCES TO DEFENSE hlw_ch32_4.html51538849b11c0f757b000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch32_4_dlap.xml51538849b11c0f757b000001
32.4 DEFENSE AND PLANT DIVERSITY hlw_ch32_5.html51538849b11c0f757b000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch32_5_dlap.xml51538849b11c0f757b000001
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch32_6.html51538849b11c0f757b000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch32_6_dlap.xml51538849b11c0f757b000001
CHAPTER 33 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch33_1.html5153d066b11c0f597d000005
DLAP questionshlw_ch33_1_dlap.xml5153d066b11c0f597d000005
33.1 PLANT DIVERSITY: AN EVOLUTIONARY OVERVIEW hlw_ch33_2.html5153d066b11c0f597d000005
DLAP questionshlw_ch33_2_dlap.xml5153d066b11c0f597d000005
33.2 BRYOPHYTES hlw_ch33_3.html5153d066b11c0f597d000005
DLAP questionshlw_ch33_3_dlap.xml5153d066b11c0f597d000005
33.3 SPORE-DISPERSING VASCULAR PLANTS hlw_ch33_4.html5153d066b11c0f597d000005
DLAP questionshlw_ch33_4_dlap.xml5153d066b11c0f597d000005
33.4 GYMNOSPERMS hlw_ch33_5.html5153d066b11c0f597d000005
DLAP questionshlw_ch33_5_dlap.xml5153d066b11c0f597d000005
33.5 ANGIOSPERMS hlw_ch33_6.html5153d066b11c0f597d000005
DLAP questionshlw_ch33_6_dlap.xml5153d066b11c0f597d000005
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch33_7.html5153d066b11c0f597d000005
DLAP questionshlw_ch33_7_dlap.xml5153d066b11c0f597d000005
CHAPTER 34 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch34_1.html5154a19eb11c0fec07000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch34_1_dlap.xml5154a19eb11c0fec07000000
34.1 GROWTH AND NUTRITION hlw_ch34_2.html5154a19eb11c0fec07000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch34_2_dlap.xml5154a19eb11c0fec07000000
34.2 REPRODUCTION hlw_ch34_3.html5154a19eb11c0fec07000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch34_3_dlap.xml5154a19eb11c0fec07000000
34.3 DIVERSITY hlw_ch34_4.html5154a19eb11c0fec07000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch34_4_dlap.xml5154a19eb11c0fec07000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch34_5.html5154a19eb11c0fec07000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch34_5_dlap.xml5154a19eb11c0fec07000000
CHAPTER 35 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch35_1.html5154f643b11c0fd10f000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch35_1_dlap.xml5154f643b11c0fd10f000000
35.1 NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTION AND EVOLUTION hlw_ch35_2.html5154f643b11c0fd10f000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch35_2_dlap.xml5154f643b11c0fd10f000000
35.2 NEURON STRUCTURE hlw_ch35_3.html5154f643b11c0fd10f000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch35_3_dlap.xml5154f643b11c0fd10f000000
35.3 NEURON FUNCTION hlw_ch35_4.html5154f643b11c0fd10f000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch35_4_dlap.xml5154f643b11c0fd10f000000
35.4 NERVOUS SYSTEM ORGANIZATION hlw_ch35_5.html5154f643b11c0fd10f000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch35_5_dlap.xml5154f643b11c0fd10f000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch35_6.html5154f643b11c0fd10f000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch35_6_dlap.xml5154f643b11c0fd10f000000
CHAPTER 37 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch37_1.html5155f2a9b11c0f7b19000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch37_1_dlap.xml5155f2a9b11c0f7b19000000
37.1 MUSCLES: BIOLOGICAL MOTORS THAT GENERATE FORCE AND PRODUCE MOVEMENT hlw_ch37_2.html5155f2a9b11c0f7b19000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch37_2_dlap.xml5155f2a9b11c0f7b19000000
37.2 MUSCLE CONTRACTILE PROPERTIES hlw_ch37_3.html5155f2a9b11c0f7b19000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch37_3_dlap.xml5155f2a9b11c0f7b19000000
37.3 ANIMAL SKELETONS hlw_ch37_4.html5155f2a9b11c0f7b19000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch37_4_dlap.xml5155f2a9b11c0f7b19000000
37.4 VERTEBRATE SKELETONS hlw_ch37_5.html5155f2a9b11c0f7b19000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch37_5_dlap.xml5155f2a9b11c0f7b19000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch37_6.html5155f2a9b11c0f7b19000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch37_6_dlap.xml5155f2a9b11c0f7b19000000
CHAPTER 36 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch36_1.html515a45a0b11c0fbb44000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch36_1_dlap.xml515a45a0b11c0fbb44000000
36.1 ANIMAL SENSORY SYSTEMS hlw_ch36_2.html515a45a0b11c0fbb44000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch36_2_dlap.xml515a45a0b11c0fbb44000000
36.2 SMELL AND TASTE hlw_ch36_3.html515a45a0b11c0fbb44000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch36_3_dlap.xml515a45a0b11c0fbb44000000
36.3 SENSING GRAVITY, MOVEMENT, AND SOUND hlw_ch36_4.html515a45a0b11c0fbb44000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch36_4_dlap.xml515a45a0b11c0fbb44000000
36.4 VISION hlw_ch36_5.html515a45a0b11c0fbb44000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch36_5_dlap.xml515a45a0b11c0fbb44000000
36.5 BRAIN ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTION hlw_ch36_6.html515a45a0b11c0fbb44000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch36_6_dlap.xml515a45a0b11c0fbb44000000
36.6 MEMORY AND COGNITION hlw_ch36_7.html515a45a0b11c0fbb44000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch36_7_dlap.xml515a45a0b11c0fbb44000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch36_8.html515a45a0b11c0fbb44000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch36_8_dlap.xml515a45a0b11c0fbb44000000
CHAPTER 38 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch38_1.html515b31edb11c0f5355000002
DLAP questionshlw_ch38_1_dlap.xml515b31edb11c0f5355000002
38.1 AN OVERVIEW OF ENDOCRINE FUNCTION hlw_ch38_2.html515b31edb11c0f5355000002
DLAP questionshlw_ch38_2_dlap.xml515b31edb11c0f5355000002
38.2 PROPERTIES OF HORMONES hlw_ch38_3.html515b31edb11c0f5355000002
DLAP questionshlw_ch38_3_dlap.xml515b31edb11c0f5355000002
38.3 THE VERTEBRATE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM hlw_ch38_4.html515b31edb11c0f5355000002
DLAP questionshlw_ch38_4_dlap.xml515b31edb11c0f5355000002
38.4 OTHER FORMS OF CHEMICAL COMMUNICATION hlw_ch38_5.html515b31edb11c0f5355000002
DLAP questionshlw_ch38_5_dlap.xml515b31edb11c0f5355000002
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch38_6.html515b31edb11c0f5355000002
DLAP questionshlw_ch38_6_dlap.xml515b31edb11c0f5355000002
CHAPTER 39 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch39_1.html515b6c0cb11c0f275b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch39_1_dlap.xml515b6c0cb11c0f275b000000
39.1 DELIVERY OF OXYGEN AND ELIMINATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE hlw_ch39_2.html515b6c0cb11c0f275b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch39_2_dlap.xml515b6c0cb11c0f275b000000
39.2 RESPIRATORY GAS EXCHANGE hlw_ch39_3.html515b6c0cb11c0f275b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch39_3_dlap.xml515b6c0cb11c0f275b000000
39.3 OXYGEN TRANSPORT BY HEMOGLOBIN hlw_ch39_4.html515b6c0cb11c0f275b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch39_4_dlap.xml515b6c0cb11c0f275b000000
39.4 CIRCULATORY SYSTEMS hlw_ch39_5.html515b6c0cb11c0f275b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch39_5_dlap.xml515b6c0cb11c0f275b000000
39.5 THE EVOLUTION, STRUCTURE, AND FUNCTION OF THE HEART hlw_ch39_6.html515b6c0cb11c0f275b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch39_6_dlap.xml515b6c0cb11c0f275b000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch39_7.html515b6c0cb11c0f275b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch39_7_dlap.xml515b6c0cb11c0f275b000000
CHAPTER 40 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch40_1.html515b8d6ab11c0fc35d000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch40_1_dlap.xml515b8d6ab11c0fc35d000000
40.1 PATTERNS OF ANIMAL METABOLISM hlw_ch40_2.html515b8d6ab11c0fc35d000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch40_2_dlap.xml515b8d6ab11c0fc35d000000
40.2 ANIMAL NUTRITION AND DIET hlw_ch40_3.html515b8d6ab11c0fc35d000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch40_3_dlap.xml515b8d6ab11c0fc35d000000
40.3 ADAPTATIONS FOR FEEDING hlw_ch40_4.html515b8d6ab11c0fc35d000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch40_4_dlap.xml515b8d6ab11c0fc35d000000
40.4 DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION OF FOOD hlw_ch40_5.html515b8d6ab11c0fc35d000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch40_5_dlap.xml515b8d6ab11c0fc35d000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch40_6.html515b8d6ab11c0fc35d000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch40_6_dlap.xml515b8d6ab11c0fc35d000000
CHAPTER 41 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch41_1.html515db945b11c0f507e000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch41_1_dlap.xml515db945b11c0f507e000001
41.1 WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE hlw_ch41_2.html515db945b11c0f507e000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch41_2_dlap.xml515db945b11c0f507e000001
41.2 EXCRETION OF WASTES IN RELATION TO ELECTROLYTE BALANCE hlw_ch41_3.html515db945b11c0f507e000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch41_3_dlap.xml515db945b11c0f507e000001
41.3 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE MAMMALIAN KIDNEY hlw_ch41_4.html515db945b11c0f507e000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch41_4_dlap.xml515db945b11c0f507e000001
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch41_5.html515db945b11c0f507e000001
DLAP questionshlw_ch41_5_dlap.xml515db945b11c0f507e000001
CHAPTER 42 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch42_1.html516c38cdb11c0fbb1b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch42_1_dlap.xml516c38cdb11c0fbb1b000000
42.1 THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF REPRODUCTION hlw_ch42_2.html516c38cdb11c0fbb1b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch42_2_dlap.xml516c38cdb11c0fbb1b000000
42.2 MOVEMENT ONTO LAND AND REPRODUCTIVE ADAPTATIONS hlw_ch42_3.html516c38cdb11c0fbb1b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch42_3_dlap.xml516c38cdb11c0fbb1b000000
42.3 HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY hlw_ch42_4.html516c38cdb11c0fbb1b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch42_4_dlap.xml516c38cdb11c0fbb1b000000
42.4 GAMETE FORMATION TO BIRTH IN HUMANS hlw_ch42_5.html516c38cdb11c0fbb1b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch42_5_dlap.xml516c38cdb11c0fbb1b000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch42_6.html516c38cdb11c0fbb1b000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch42_6_dlap.xml516c38cdb11c0fbb1b000000
Chapter 1. INDEX index.html51f98fc2757a2e7165000002
DLAP questionsindex_dlap.xml51f98fc2757a2e7165000002
Chapter 1. CREDITS/SOURCES credits.html51f99825757a2ea759000015
DLAP questionscredits_dlap.xml51f99825757a2ea759000015
Glossaryglossary_vol_1_1.html51f99c18757a2e5f65000003
DLAP questionsglossary_vol_1_1_dlap.xml51f99c18757a2e5f65000003
Glossaryglossary_vol_2_1.html51f99cb1757a2e8759000018
DLAP questionsglossary_vol_2_1_dlap.xml51f99cb1757a2e8759000018
Chapter 1. QUICK CHECK ANSWERS answers.html51f99e1c757a2ed667000000
DLAP questionsanswers_dlap.xml51f99e1c757a2ed667000000
Chapter . SELF-ASSESSMENT ANSWERS answers_self.html51f9a901757a2e7165000008
DLAP questionsanswers_self_dlap.xml51f9a901757a2e7165000008
Chapter 1. BIOLOGY: HOW LIFE WORKS fm_v2.html51fb0241757a2eb94e000018
DLAP questionsfm_v2_dlap.xml51fb0241757a2eb94e000018
Chapter 1. BIOLOGY: HOW LIFE WORKS fm_toc_only.html520bc6fc757a2e640b000000
DLAP questionsfm_toc_only_dlap.xml520bc6fc757a2e640b000000
CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_1.html5242f253757a2eee1d000002
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_1_dlap.xml5242f253757a2eee1d000002
2.1 PROPERTIES OF ATOMS hlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_2.html5242f253757a2eee1d000002
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_2_dlap.xml5242f253757a2eee1d000002
2.2 MOLECULES AND CHEMICAL BONDS hlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_3.html5242f253757a2eee1d000002
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_3_dlap.xml5242f253757a2eee1d000002
2.3 WATER: THE MEDIUM OF LIFE hlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_4.html5242f253757a2eee1d000002
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_4_dlap.xml5242f253757a2eee1d000002
2.4 CARBON: LIFE’S CHEMICAL BACKBONE hlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_5.html5242f253757a2eee1d000002
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_5_dlap.xml5242f253757a2eee1d000002
2.5 ORGANIC MOLECULES hlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_6.html5242f253757a2eee1d000002
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_6_dlap.xml5242f253757a2eee1d000002
2.6 HOW DID THE MOLECULES OF LIFE FORM? hlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_7.html5242f253757a2eee1d000002
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_7_dlap.xml5242f253757a2eee1d000002
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_8.html5242f253757a2eee1d000002
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_8_dlap.xml5242f253757a2eee1d000002
CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_copy_1.html524ca887757a2eb62c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_copy_1_dlap.xml524ca887757a2eb62c000000
2.1 PROPERTIES OF ATOMS hlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_copy_2.html524ca887757a2eb62c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_copy_2_dlap.xml524ca887757a2eb62c000000
2.2 MOLECULES AND CHEMICAL BONDS hlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_copy_3.html524ca887757a2eb62c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_copy_3_dlap.xml524ca887757a2eb62c000000
2.3 WATER: THE MEDIUM OF LIFE hlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_copy_4.html524ca887757a2eb62c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_copy_4_dlap.xml524ca887757a2eb62c000000
2.4 CARBON: LIFE’S CHEMICAL BACKBONE hlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_copy_5.html524ca887757a2eb62c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_copy_5_dlap.xml524ca887757a2eb62c000000
2.5 ORGANIC MOLECULES hlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_copy_6.html524ca887757a2eb62c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_copy_6_dlap.xml524ca887757a2eb62c000000
2.6 HOW DID THE MOLECULES OF LIFE FORM? hlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_copy_7.html524ca887757a2eb62c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_copy_7_dlap.xml524ca887757a2eb62c000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_copy_8.html524ca887757a2eb62c000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02_instructor_notes_demo_copy_8_dlap.xml524ca887757a2eb62c000000
CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTIONhlw_ch02 copy_1.html524dc78c757a2ed616000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02 copy_1_dlap.xml524dc78c757a2ed616000000
2.1 PROPERTIES OF ATOMS hlw_ch02 copy_2.html524dc78c757a2ed616000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02 copy_2_dlap.xml524dc78c757a2ed616000000
2.2 MOLECULES AND CHEMICAL BONDS hlw_ch02 copy_3.html524dc78c757a2ed616000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02 copy_3_dlap.xml524dc78c757a2ed616000000
2.3 WATER: THE MEDIUM OF LIFE hlw_ch02 copy_4.html524dc78c757a2ed616000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02 copy_4_dlap.xml524dc78c757a2ed616000000
2.4 CARBON: LIFE’S CHEMICAL BACKBONE hlw_ch02 copy_5.html524dc78c757a2ed616000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02 copy_5_dlap.xml524dc78c757a2ed616000000
2.5 ORGANIC MOLECULES hlw_ch02 copy_6.html524dc78c757a2ed616000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02 copy_6_dlap.xml524dc78c757a2ed616000000
2.6 HOW DID THE MOLECULES OF LIFE FORM? hlw_ch02 copy_7.html524dc78c757a2ed616000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02 copy_7_dlap.xml524dc78c757a2ed616000000
CHAPTER SUMMARYhlw_ch02 copy_8.html524dc78c757a2ed616000000
DLAP questionshlw_ch02 copy_8_dlap.xml524dc78c757a2ed616000000